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Sportsmed > wk 2- diagnosis > Flashcards

wk 2- diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

biopsychosocial model

A

social- demands/training regimes
biological- body systems/ pathology
psychological- behaviours and beliefs

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2
Q

red flags

A

> 50

systemic symptoms

medical risk factors (osteoporosis, diabetes, immune defiency)

symptoms worse at night, significant morning stiffness

family history of inflammatory joint disease

no response to conservative treatment

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3
Q

flag system

A

Red - signs of serious pathology

Orange - Psychiatric symptoms

Yellow - Beliefs, emotional responses, pain behaviour

Blue - Perceptions about the relationship between work and health

Black - System or contextual obstacles (e.g. legislative)

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4
Q

acute injury of bone

A
  1. fracture
  2. periosteum contusion
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5
Q

chronic injury of bone

A
  1. stress fracture / reaction
  2. periositis
  3. apophysitis
  4. enthesopathy
  5. bone spur
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6
Q

different areas of stress fractures and if theyre high or low risk

A

femoral neck- high
femoral shaft- low
anterior tibia- high
posterior tibia- low
fibula - low
medial mall- high
lateral mall- low
calc- low
talus (lateral proces)- high
navicular- high
sesamoids- high
base of 2nd met - high
proximal diaphysis of 5th met- high

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7
Q

patho of stress fracture

A

imbalance between osteoclastic activity and osteoblastic
not enough recovery

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8
Q

difference between palpation of stress fracture and stress reaction

A

fracture- localised tenderness and swelling
reaction- diffuse

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9
Q

imaging for stress injuries

A

MRI- can grade

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10
Q

low risk recovery times

A

mets 4-6 weeks
tibia/calc- 6-8 weeks
femur- 10-12 weeks

reactions take about 1/3 of that time

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11
Q

rehab for stress injures

A
  1. rest/immobilise- Dependent on bone
  2. cross train (maintain conditioning, avoid atrophy, accelerate return to sport)
  3. exercise rehab program for RTS
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12
Q

femoral neck recovery time

A

1 week bed rest

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13
Q

anterior tibia recovery time

A

6-8 weeks

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14
Q

medial mall recovery time

A

6 weeks

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15
Q

talus recovery time

A

6 weeks

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16
Q

navicular recovery time

A

6-8 weeks

17
Q

2nd met recovery time

A

2 weeks, 2 weeks partial WB

18
Q

sesamoid recovery time

A

4 weeks

19
Q

hyaline cartilage

A

articular cartilage

20
Q

fibrocartilage

A

cartilage that lines articular cartilage for further shock abosprtion, load distribution

meniscus/labrum

21
Q

grading a muscle tear injury

A

site
myofascial
musculotendinous
intratendinous

grade
0-4

22
Q

types of muscle injuries

A
  1. contusion
  2. tear/strain
  3. compartment syndrome
  4. myositis ossificans (bone in muscle formation, can happen after contusion)
23
Q

types of tendon/fascia injuries

A
  1. tear/strain
  2. tendinopathy/fasciopathy
24
Q

stages of tendinopathy/fasciopathy

A
  1. increased thickness/swelling with little collagen dysfunction
  2. tendon matrix disorganised
  3. degenerative
25
Q

sensitivity

A

people who test positive that have it

RULE IN

26
Q

specificity

A

people who test negative that dont have it

RULE OUT

27
Q

If a positive test has a high likelihood ratio

A

then it will rule it in and vice versa

28
Q

when to image

A
  • uncertain diagnosis or extent of injury
  • red flags/ ottawa rules
  • objective documentation required
  • pre operative planning
29
Q

MBS scheme for imaging

A

pods can
X RAY foot, leg, knee, femur
US soft tissue of foot

30
Q

ottawa ankle rules

A

bone tenderness on
1. posterior edge of medial mall
2. lateral mall
3. unable to walk 4 steps

31
Q

ottawa foot rules

A

bone tenderness on
1. base of 5th met
2. navicular
3. unable to walk 4 steps

32
Q

imaging bone

A

XRAY

then
MRI
CT

33
Q

imaging myotendinous unit

A

US (depends if in foot or not)

then
MRI

34
Q

imaging ligaments

A

US

XRAY if alvusion suspected

35
Q

imaging peripheral nerves

A

CT

36
Q

imaging cartilage/synovial membrane

A

US
MRI

37
Q

compartment syndrome testing

A

exercise until symptoms come on, pressure manometer needle inserted into muscle

takes 1 hour

if positive - refer to orthopod for fasciotomy

38
Q

things people cant do after concussion

A

be by themselves (definitely not for first 2 hours)
drink alcohol/drugs
drive

39
Q
A

Sportsmed (12 decks)

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