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Sectional anatomy > Wk 2 surface anatomy > Flashcards

Wk 2 surface anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are depressions

A

fossae

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2
Q

What are the techniques to examine patient surface anatomy?

A

visual
palpation
percussion
ausculation

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3
Q

Bony landmarks

A
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4
Q

soft tissue landmarks

A

umbilicus (variable), scars, tattoos

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5
Q

How many segments are in the vertebrae

A

12 thoracic segments

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6
Q

what ribs join the sternum?

A

1-7 (true ribs)

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7
Q

What ribs join the 7th to join the sternum?

A

8-10

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8
Q

What ribs attach to posterior spine

A

11 and 12 floating ribs

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9
Q

What forms the inferior boundary of the thorax?

A

Left and right costal margins of the rib cage

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10
Q

Where do the costal margins join?

A

Infrasternal angle (costal arch)

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11
Q

What is the Suprasternal (jugular notch) ?

A

depression on the superior border of the manubrium of the sternum between the medial ends of the clavicle

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12
Q

What is the Mammary or midclavicular line?

A

Line which runs vertically downward from a point midway between the centre of the jugular notch and the tip of the acromion.

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13
Q

Parasternal

A

Midway between the lateral sternal and the mammary lines

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14
Q

Midsternal is what

A

It is the middle line of the sternum

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15
Q

Lateral Sternal?

A

Along the sternal margin apparently

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16
Q

What are the openings for the diaphragm?

A

Caval: through the central tendon
Oesophageal hiatus: posterior part of diaphragm L of the central tendon
aortic hiatus: posterior, between L R crus

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17
Q

Four abdominal quadrants

A

R upper Q
R Lower Q
L Lower quadrant fossa
L upper quadrant fossa

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18
Q

Nine abdominal regions

A

Two horizontal Two sagittal
Transpyloric inf of L1
Transtubercular L5

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19
Q

What are the superior 3 of nine abdominal regions?

A

R upper hypochondrium
epigastrium
L hypochondrium

20
Q

What are the mid-3 of nine abdominal regions?

A

Right Lateral (lumbar)
umbilical
Left Lateral

21
Q

What are the inferior 3 of nine abdominal regions?

A

Right Inguinal
hypogastrium (pubic)
Left inguinal (iliac)

22
Q

Xiphoid tip

A

T9-T10
easily palpated
sup ant of diaphragm

23
Q

inferior costal rib margin

A

L2-L3
locate superior organs of the abdomen

24
Q

Iliac Crest

A

L4-L5
upper portion of ilium
indicates midabdomen

25
Q

Anterior superior iliac spine

A

pelvis positioning

26
Q

Greater trochanter

A

sup to symphysis pubis

27
Q

symphysis pubis

A

anterior junction of two pelvic bones

28
Q

Ischial tuberosity

A
29
Q

Where does the oesophagus lie

A

posterior to the trachea
Inf end of laryngopharynx, through mediastinum ant to vertebral column C6, pierces through oesophageal hiatus T10. Ends at Cardia T11

30
Q

Where is the stomach located?

A

inferior to diaphragm

31
Q

what is the shape of the stomach affected by:

A

phase of gastric digestion
state of surrounding viscera
amount/character of contents

32
Q

Where is the duodenum

A

sup part horizontal extending from pylorus to right lateral line. descending part medial to R lateral line from transpyloric line to midway between transpyloric and transtubercular lines

33
Q

What are the regions in the Large Intestine?

A

Cecum, colon, rectum, anal canal

34
Q

What is the kidney composed of

A

renal cortex and medulla

35
Q

What is the function of the ureters?

A

paired muscular tubes that transport urine to the urinary bladder

36
Q

Where is the Liver situated?

A

inf to diaphragm in upper abdominal cavity

37
Q

where does the liver receive blood from?

A

Hepatic artery = oxygenated
Hepatic portal vein = deoxygenated from small intestine contains nutrients

38
Q

What is the portal vein formed by?

A

sup and inf mesenteric veins and splenic vein

39
Q

Gall bladder function

A

transport of bile

40
Q

what are the unpaired branches of the aorta?

A

celiac trunk
superior mesenteric artery
inf mesenteric artery

41
Q

What is the smallest branch that supplies the stomach and oesophagus

A

left gastric artery

42
Q

What is the largest branch that supplies the spleen and pancreas

A

Splenic artery

43
Q

what is the largest vein of the body?

A

Inferior vena cava

44
Q

what are lumbar veins

A

4-5 vessels, collect blood from the posterior abdominal wall

45
Q

What are gonadal veins

A

R gv enters anterolateral wall
L gv empties into left renal vein

Sectional anatomy (7 decks)

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