WK 1 - Intro to Dev Flashcards
According to the theory about the impact of the social clock of adult life events, which of the following individual patterns is associated with the most upheaval or disruption or personal difficulty—at least for current cohorts?
a) having your parents both die when you are in your 20s
b) having a first child at age 30
c) receiving your last work promotion at age 40
d) retiring at age 65
a) having your parents both die when you are in your 20s.
Which shared developmental change is most likely to be universal?
a) retirement at age 65
b) negative ageism
c) reduced muscle mass in old age
d) young adults leaving home at age 18
c) reduced muscle mass in old age.
Which of the following timing/experience combinations would be likely to create the LEAST stress and disruption, according to the shared experiential/social clock model?
a) the death of your father when you are 60 years old
b) retirement because of ill health at age 50
c) being fired from your job when you are 40 years old
d) becoming a parent for the first time when you are 16 years old
a) the death of your father when you are 60 years old.
For which of the following cross-sectional research findings would you be MOST likely to suspect a “cohort effect” as the primary explanation?
a) lower bone density among 70-year-olds than among 35-year-olds
b) faster recall of lists of words by 20-year-olds than by 60-year-olds
c) higher percentage of blue-collar workers among 50-year-olds than among 30-year-olds
d) a lower rate of marital satisfaction among couples in their 30s than among couples in their 50s
c) higher percentage of blue-collar workers among 50-year-olds than among 30-year-olds.
The concept of stability proposes that:
a) Humans lack this; we change regularly
b) Important parts of life/idiosyncrasies are consistent
c) Humans can balance well
d) All aspects of life are consistent
b) Important parts of life/idiosyncrasies are consistent.
- some change may occur (e.g. different music preference), but the core essence of themes remain integral.
Inner/outer change are:
a) completely dependent upon each other
b) completely independent of each other
c) can interact/affect each other
d) aren’t a thing
c) can interact/affect each other.
Epigenetic inheritance is a process where:
a) genes change
b) reduced gene expression
c) gene activity is modified by experiences
c) gene activity is modified by experiences.
- throughout the life; not just prenatally
- b) reduced gene expression involves a chem mod called DNA methylation, which is can be caused by (c).
In relation to the biological clock, shared experiences (i.e. the social clock) is:
a) more universal
b) culture-specific; less universal
c) ageism
b) culture-specific; less universal.
- c) ageism = discrimination based on age.
Internal change processes:
a) individual inner changes resulting from our response to the pressures of the biological clock
b) shared inner changes resulting from our response to pressures of the social clock
c) shared inner changes that are directly caused by biological and social clocks
d) shared inner changes that are determined by our response to the pressure of biological and social clocks
d) shared inner changes that are determined by our response to the pressure of biological and social clocks
- soc/bio clocks don’t directly cause internal change processes, but may be linked
- e.g. 1st-time parents tend to assume more traditional gender roles until the children move out, when they re-balance their masc/fem qualities.
Normative history-graded influences of adult development are:
a) aspects that influence your life that are unique to you
b) social and biological pressures
c) experiences that result from historical events/conditions
c) experiences that result from historical events/conditions.
- a) aspects that influence your life that are unique to you = nonnormative life events.
b) social and biological pressures = normative age-graded influences.
Lifespan developmental approach (Baltes) posits that:
a) development is life long and multidimensional, but not multidirectional
b) development depends on all sources of change (norm-age, norm-hist, nonnorm)
c) development can never be modified
d) your 20’s are more important than your 40’s
b) development depends on all sources of change (norm-age, norm-hist, nonnorm).
- a) it’s ALL.
- c) “placticity” = can be modified.
- d) no age is more important than another.
Within the bioecological model, the ____ system is the interaction between elements in the microsystem.
a) mesosystem
b) chronosystem
c) macrosystem
d) exosystem
a) mesosystem
```
- smallest to largest =
microsystem
mesosystem
exosystem
macrosystem
(chronosystem)
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In regard to developmental research, ‘design’ refers to:
a) how you will measure what you are studying
b) who/what you are studying
c) What the results mean in relation to method, measures and analysis
d) what you will do with the data
c) What the results MEAN in relation to method, measures and analysis
- a) HOW = measure
- b) WHOM/WHAT/noun = method
- d) what you will do with the DATA = analysis
Galambos longitudinal study on self-esteem (SE) of people aged 18-25 showed that:
a) womens SE dropped over time
b) womens SE was lower than mens but their rate increase was greater
c) womens SE was lower than mens but ended up higher
d) mens SE dropped
b) womens SE was lower than mens but their rate increase was greater
- still lower than men at 25y/o though
Which of the following is not a research measure?
a) qualitative research
b) survey questionnaire
c) standardised test
d) personal interview
a) qualitative research
- is a design
- measure =
