Wk 1: Ileus Flashcards
Which two receptors does Metoclopramide antagonize?
Dopamine & Serotonin receptor [antagonist]
MOA of anti-cholinergic drugs in GI motility?
Blocks Ach at parasympathetic sites
2 ex’s of Anti-cholinergic drugs in GI motility
Dicyclomine, Hyoscyamine
AE’s of Anti-cholinergic drugs in GI motility
Blurred vision, dry mouth/eyes, drowsiness
MOA of opioid agonists in GI motility?
Stimulates μ opioid receptors
Anti-diarrheal
AE’s of opioid agonists in GI motility
High doses: euphoria & respiratory depression
2 ex’s of opioid agonist in GI motility?
Diphenoxylate-atropine & Loperamide
MOA of dopamine receptor antagonists in GI motility?
Enhances Ach effects ( ↑ motility) by blocking dopamine receptors
2 ex’s of dopamine receptor antagonists in GI motility
Metoclopramide, Domperidone
AE’s of dopamine receptor antagonists in GI motility
Tardive dyskinesia, cardiac arrhythmias
Which drugs can treat diarrhea?
Drugs that decrease motility: Anticholinergics, Opioid Agonists, 5HT3 (Serotonin)
Which drugs can treat constipation?
Drugs that increase motility: Stimulant & Osmotic Laxatives & Opioid Antagonists
What are 2 general AE’s of serotonin receptor antagonists in GI motility?
Headache, constipation
What drug type is Alosertron & what are its AE?
Serotonin Receptor Antagonist; Ischemic Colitis & Diarrhea
MOA of Serotonin Receptor Antagonist?
Competitive antagonist of Serotonin (5HT3) receptor
What drug category do Ondansetron & Granisetron fall under & what AE do they share?
Serotonin Receptor Antagonist; N/V
Ex of motilin agonist in GI motility?
Erythromycin
MOA of motilin agonists in GI motility?
Activates motilin receptors on SM cells
AE of motilin agonists?
Inhibits CYP3A4, Cardiac Arrhythmias
Ex of stimulant laxative in GI motility?
Senna
MOA of stimulant laxatives in GI motility?
Stimulates peristaltic activity in intestine, specifically the enteric NS
AE of stimulant laxatives?
Abdominal cramps; diarrhea
Senna (-) melanosis choli
MOA of osmotic laxatives in GI motility?
Draws H2O into stool
2 ex’s of osmotic laxatives in GI motility
Polyethylene glycol & lactulose
AE’s of osmotic laxatives in GI motility
Abdominal cramps, diarrhea, bloating (lactulose)
What is an AE unique to the osmotic laxative ‘lactulose’?
Bloating
MOA of opioid antagonists in GI motility?
Selective μ opioid receptor antagonist
AE’s of opioid antagonists in GI motility
Abdominal pain, diarrhea
When are opioid antagonists contraindicated?
Mechanical Obstruction
Ex of opioid receptor antagonist & when is it uniquely approved?
Methylnatrexone (only for opioid induced constipation)
