Winners and loser's (Globalisation)

Question 1

What is the Brant line?

Answer 1

In 1980 Willy Brandt identified two parts of the world - The rich north and the poor south

Question 2

What is a NIC?

Answer 2

A newly industrialised country e.g. Taiwan

Question 3

What is a RIC?

Answer 3

A recently industrialised country e.g. China

Question 4

What is the global shift?

Answer 4

The physical movement of economic activity from developed countries originally to NIC’s but later to RIC’s and emerging economies

Question 5

What made the global shift possible?

Answer 5

Transport and communication technologies

Question 6

Who encourages the global shift?

Answer 6

Players such as the WTO who promote neo-liberalism and privatization

Question 7

Where was the shift of manufacturing to?

Answer 7

The least cost location

Question 8

What happened in Taiwan in 1960?

Answer 8

It saw rapid economic growth largely due to globalisation and the global shift of manufacturing

Question 9

What is the effect of the global shift of manufacturing in developed countries?

Answer 9

The global shift can lead to deindustrialisation, making some regions loser’s and lead to economic restructuring

Question 10

What economic restructuring has the UK undergone?

Answer 10

The UK has moved from secondary to tertiary

Question 11

What happened to a steel factory in Ebbw Vale in 1999?

Answer 11

It began to globalise merging with a Dutch company Corus and then closed in 2001

Question 12

What was the cost of the global shift of manufacturing on Ebbw Vale?

Question 13

What positive outcomes can deindustrialisation have?

Answer 13

• Improved quality of natural enviroment (E.g. Furnace to flowers project in Ebbw vale awarded £120,000)
• Improved quality of life as manufacturing jobs replaced by higher income jobs in service industries

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Question 14

How can the the change of the proportion of employment sectors over time be shown?

Answer 14

By the Clark Fisher diagram

Question 15

What is ment by the term footloose?

Answer 15

Due to the rise of communication technologies certain services can be provided from any location (E.g. call centres, banking etc)

Question 16

What was the annual revenue from offshoring in India in 2009?

Answer 16

$60 billion

Question 17

How many call centre jobs were moved from the UK to India by 2010?

Answer 17

350,000

Question 18

What is the benefits of offshoring call centres to India for a TNC?

Answer 18

• Indian call centre worker salary is £2,500 compared to £18,000 in the UK
• An increase in profits e.g. £1 spent in India comes back to the UK at £1.14 profit
• According to a BT spokesperson Asian staff are better educated and more motivated compared to British staff

Question 19

What are the downsides of offshoring footloose jobs?

Answer 19

• Many outsourced jobs lost from vulnerable deindustrialised areas such as south wales
• Lack of quality / customer complaints about launguage barrier

Question 20

What are the benefits for India of outsourcing jobs?

Answer 20

• Provides many jobs with steady employment and secure wage
• Young workers have a higher disposable income leading to the multiplier effect
• Workers can recive additional training and education

Question 21

What are the draw backs for India of outsourcing jobs

Answer 21

• Anti - social hours as UK / USA time differance makes night shifts often essential
• Westernisation as workers are trained in other culture’s
• Increase in urbanisation and slum settlement growth