What is development and why do levels vary (HHR) Flashcards
Development is…?
Progress / advancement made within an area or country
What is development traditionally measured by?
Economic development indicators such as GDP
What is crucial to economic and human development?
Education
What does investment in education lead to?
Human capital (economic, political, social and economic skills within a country)
How many children still don’t have access to education?
59 million don’t have access to primary school education (33 million in sub Saharan Africa)
Why can’t girls go to school in Afghanistan?
Under the rule of the Taliban it is not permitted
What are the three broad factors that affect health and life expectancy?
- Wider determinants e.g. occupation, education, income, housing etc
- Lifestyle factors e.g. diet, smoking etc
- Preventative healthcare e.g. immunisation
Factors limiting healthcare in Uganda?
- Faced dictatorial regimes and long periods of conflict
- Has rapid population growth overwhelming healthcare provision
- 20% of people live below the poverty line
- Highest malaria rate in the world
Where can there be difference’s in health within countries?
There can be differences between groups of people or between regions
What percentage of the UK’s GDP is spent on healthcare?
9%
Where in the UK is life expectancy shorter?
The North West in comparison to the England average
What role do governments play in development?
Setting targets and policies to improve economic and social development
What is a Communist government?
The “one party” government that ensures goods are collectively owned and equally shared by the people e.g. China
What is a Democratic government?
The government is elected to represent the people of the country e.g. Uganda
What is a Totalitarian government?
The governments power is held by a dictator or small group of people who have complete control e.g. North Korea
What was the policy announced in Australia in 2007?
Close the gap
How many members does the world bank have?
189
What is the goal of the world bank?
To reduce poverty
How does the world bank help reduce poverty?
It provides financial support to countries to improve social / economic development
What is a criticism of the world bank?
Their “Structural Adjustment Programmes” (SAPs) lent countries money but with strict criteria such as forcing these countries to privatise companies
Why is the world banks emphasis on privatisation perceived in a negative way?
Privatisation often benefits western TNC’s
What was the RBMP in Uganda?
The Roll Back Malaria Partnership
What did the UN do in 1999?
They set out a new agenda for global development - Which was called the 8 Millennium development goals which had a 2015 deadline
What did the UN set out in 2015?
The sustainable development goals with a deadline of 2030
