Wine Faults

Question 1

What is the term for wine that has a moldy, musty, ‘dank’ aroma?

Answer 1

Corked

Question 2

What is the name of the mold that causes the moldy, musty, dank aroma?

Answer 2

2,4,6-Trichloranisole (aka TCA)

Question 3

What are three off-odors associated with sulfuric compounds in wine?

Answer 3

Sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan

Question 4

What characteristics of scent are associated with sulfur dioxide?

Answer 4

Burnt match

Question 5

Is a less acidic wine MORE or LESS likely to have pronounced sulfur dioxide elements than a more acidic wine?

Answer 5

Less likely

Question 6

What characteristics of scent are associated with hydrogen sulfide?

Answer 6

Rotten eggs

Question 7

What can cause hydrogen sulfide to occur in a wine?

Answer 7

Long term exposure to low oxygen environment?

Question 8

Are screw-cap (stelvin) wines MORE or LESS likely to enouncter hydrogen sulfide?

Answer 8

More likely (less oxygen enters the bottle)

Question 9

What is the off-odor-causing, sulfuric compound byproduct associated with garlic / onions?

Answer 9

Mercaptan

Question 10

What two types of bacteria can survive in something as acidic as wine?

Answer 10

Lactic bacteria and acetobacter

Question 11

Which type of bacteria can cause malolactic fermentatio - intentional or otherwise?

Answer 11

Lactic bacteria

Question 12

Which type of bacteria can convert alcohol into acetic acid?

Answer 12

Acetobacter

Question 13

Which bacterial odor can cause a wine to smell like vinegar?

Answer 13

Acetic acid

Question 14

Which bacterial odor can cause a wine to smell like rancid butter or spoiled cheese?

Answer 14

Butyric acid

Question 15

Which bacterial odor can cause a wine to smell like saeurkraut or a goat?

Answer 15

Lactic acid

Question 16

Which bacterial odor can cause a wine to smell like fingernail polish remover or model airplane glue?

Answer 16

Ethyl acetate

Question 17

What is the term for an off odor byproduct caused by yeast, that can be described as “sweaty” or “horsy”?

Answer 17

Brettanomyces

Question 18

What is a term used to describe an off odor that is sometimes the result of using underripe grapes?

Answer 18

Green

Question 19

What is the term for when oxygen is dissolved into wine, often resulting in a characteristic nutty, caramelized character?

Answer 19

Oxidization

Question 20

What is it called when a wine has been overheated, resulting in a baked or cooked odor? (This is acceptable in some specific wines)

Answer 20

Maderized

Question 21

This provides “oxidized” aromas to Sherry

Answer 21

Acetaldehydes

Question 22

Two possible causes of geranium fault

Answer 22

Incomplete MLF, improper breakdown of sorbic acid

Question 23

What does MLF stand for?

Answer 23

Malolactic fermentation

Question 24

What are conditions that lack oxygen?

Answer 24

Reductive/reduction