Why Were There Two Armed Camps In Europe In 1914? Flashcards
Who was in the triple alliance and what year was it formed?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy. 1882
Why did Germany need allies?
Incase France tried to get revenge for their defeat in the Franco Prussian war
What did Germany and Austria-Hungary feel was happening to them?
Being encircled by opposing alliances
Who was in the triple entente and when was it formed by?
France, Russia, Britain. By 1907
Why did France Allie with Russia?
To get back Alsace & Lorraine
What did France do to make firmer allies with Russia?
Loan money
What is splendid isolation?
Keeping a country out Of European affairs
Why did Britain leave splendid isolation to make allies?
Felt threatened by Germany building up her navy
What did France and Britain make agreements about?
Colonies in North Africa
5 reasons why the alliance system led to war:
- rivals intimidated each other, fear
- terms of agreement were secret, fear & suspicion
- dispute between 2 countries could lead to war with all
- made plans about how they would fight a war together
- most countries already had rivalry
What rivalry existed between Germany and Britain?
Naval rivalry and economic rivalry
Why did Germany and France have a rivalry?
Over colonies and empires. Franco-Prussian war
Why did Russia and Austria Hungary have a rivalry?
Over the Balkans
What was the arms race?
Where major powers doubled their spending on armies and weapons in 1900-14
During the Arms race…
- Germany had the largest army (grown rapidly)
* Britain has largest navy (largest no. Of dreadnoughts)
Why did the Arms race lead to war?
- Snowball effect
* as countries increased weapons they became more confident in success in war
What does obsolete mean?
Out of date/useless
What did the invention of dreadnoughts by Britain in 1906 cause?
A race between Britain and Germany to have the most as other battleships were obsolete
What years were the two Moroccan crises?
- 1905
* 1911
What happened during the first Moroccan crisis?
Kaiser encouraged Morocco to demand to remain independent from France. Thought it would test France and Britain and Britain wouldn’t stand behind the French. International conference (1906) no backed kaiser France and Britain became closer
What happened during the second Moroccan crisis?
In 1911 French occupied fez in Morocco. Kaiser sent gunship ( the panther ) thinking he could break French and British alliance. Britain readied the fleet for war and Germany has to back down. Given land in central Africa as compensation but were humiliated. France and Britain protected each other from Germany by patrolling Mediterranean, north and Atlantic seas.
How occupied Bosnia in 1908?
Austria-Hungary
What happened during the Bosnian crisis?
Austria wanted to control balkans (empire & trade). Serbia wanted to join with Bosnia (angry). Serbia wanted balkans to join to make a stronger nation. Asked Russia for help. Russia wanted Balkan friendship (trade). Could not help army wasn’t strong enough to fight (A-H and Germany). Felt humiliated and drew closer to Britain and France. Wanted revenge.
