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History > Why was imperialism a significant force for late nineteenth century Europe? #1 > Flashcards

Why was imperialism a significant force for late nineteenth century Europe? #1 Flashcards

1
Q

Imperialism

A

The policy of acquiring and controlling dependent territories carried out by the state

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2
Q

New Imperialism

A

Period of extensive colonization by the European powers

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3
Q

Tariffs

A
  • Taxes on imported goods
  • Beneficial because it helps promote a country’s own economy
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4
Q

Free trade

A

take between nations unimpeded by tariffs

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5
Q

Economic Motives of Imperialism

A
  • profitable to invest in new trading companies
  • potential wealth of new colonies
  • having colonies was cheaper (due to tariffs) so they could access vital raw minerals
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6
Q

Political Motives of Imperialism

A
  • control strategic locations
  • power
  • nationalism
  • social policy
  • Britain occupation of Egypt to safeguard Suez canal
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7
Q

Dr David Livingstone

A

a Scottish missionary and explorer of Africa

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8
Q

Henry Morton Stanley

A
  • A Welsh-American explorer
  • Famous for his exploration of central Africa
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9
Q

King Leopold

A

king of Belgium and founder of Congo free state

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10
Q

Pierre Brazza

A

a French explorer of Italian extraction

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11
Q

Khedive

A

title used by governor and ruler of Egypt and Sudan

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12
Q

Social Imperialism

A

A policy aimed at uniting all social classes behind plans for creating and expanding an empire

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13
Q

Condominium

A

joint control over a territory by two states

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14
Q

Benjamin Disraeli

A
  • Conservative UK prime minister
  • Believed that patriotism and nationalism could overcome class divisions
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15
Q

Cecil Rhodes

A

British businessman and prime minister of cape colony and founder of Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe and Zambia)

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16
Q

Britains Original Interests in Africa

A

to protect its Indian ocean trading routes

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17
Q

Britains Other Motives in Africa

A
  • golds, diamonds and valuable minirals
  • to stop other European countries from getting this
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18
Q

3 British Colonies in Africa

A
  • Egypt
  • the Sudan
  • British East Africa
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19
Q

Examples of German Colonies in Africa

A
  • Kamerun (Cameroon)
  • German east Africa
  • German South West Africa
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20
Q

Main Belgium Colony in Africa

A

The Congo Basin

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21
Q

What natural resources did the Congo Basin have?

A

Raw rubber

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22
Q

Why did the French move inland in the late 19th century?

A
  • Search of raw materials, palm oil and timber
  • New markets for Frances industrial output
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23
Q

What event motivated French politicians to see a large overseas empire as essential?

A
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24
Q

Benefits of Imperialism

A
  • Jobs
  • Technology-Communication
  • Railways
  • Medicine-Health
  • Education
  • Water/Toilets
25
Q

Consequences of Imperialism to Africa

A
  • Loss of land/resources
  • Loss of control
  • Tribal conflict
  • Culture
  • war
26
Q

Sir George Goldie

A

founder of the royal Niger company

27
Q

British South African Company

A

formed by the amalgamation of two companies: the central search association and the exploring company ltd

28
Q

Boer War

A

1899-1902 fought between the two Boer states of transvaal and the orange free state and the British empire
- initiated by Kruger

29
Q

Wahabbist

A

referring to a fundamentalist islamic reform movement founded by Muhammed Ibn Abd Al-Wahhab

30
Q

Mahdi

A
  • Arabic word meaning redeemer of Islam
  • The Sudanese seikh, Muhammed Ahmad, claimed to be the mahdi
31
Q

Power Vacuum

A

territories left undominated by another state after the withdrawal or collapse of the original ruling power

32
Q

General Gordon

A

British general and governor general of the Sudan

33
Q

Lord Salisbury

A

conservative leader and three times British prime minister

34
Q

Charles Darwin

A
  • English geologist and biologist
  • In his ‘On the origin of species’, argued that evolution was the result of natural selection or the survival of the fittest
35
Q

General, Lord Kitchener

A
  • defeated the mahdi in the Sudan and played a key role in the Boer war
  • Secretary of state for war in 1914 -16
36
Q

Concentration camp Scandal

A

In order to defeat the Guerrilla tactics of the Boers, the British relocated the civilian population in concentration camps where a large number of people died of disease.

37
Q

Reich

A

any empire og the Germans or Germany

38
Q

Sedan

A

the location of the traumatic defeat of the french by the Prussians

39
Q

Pressure Groups

A

associations formed to promote a particular interest by influencing government policy

40
Q

Jules Ferry

A

French politician and prime minister and strong supported of french colonial expansion

41
Q

Anarchist

A

a supporter of anarchism (small self-governing societies)

42
Q

Navy League

A

a german pressure group which agitated for a large german Navy

43
Q

Pan-German League

A

a German political society that believed that Germany should extend its frontiers to include all Germans in Poland, Switzerland and Austria

44
Q

Balkans

A
  • geographic area in south-eastern Europe
  • principal states in 1913 were: Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania and Greece
45
Q

General George Von Capri

A

German general and chancellor, 1890-94

46
Q

Schlieffen Plan

A

envisaged a two front war against France and Russia. France was to be defeated within a moth by a flanking movement through Belgium, holland & Luxembourg and then the mass of the german army would move eastwards to deal with Russia. the plan was later revised to omit holland

46
Q

Protectorate

A

a territory that is controlled and protected by another state

47
Q

South Salves

A

formed the main ethnic group in Bosnia and Herzegovnia, which Austria occupied in 1878

48
Q

Legation Quater

A

the area in Beijing where foreign diplomats, businessman, etc and their families lived

49
Q

Kiaochow

A

n 1897 the germans seized Kiaochow in revenge for the murder of two missionaries. they also secured mining rights in the neighbouring province of shantung

50
Q

Boers

A

descendants of dutch settlers who had originally colonised South Africa

51
Q

William Gladstone

A

liberal politician, who served four terms as prime minister

52
Q

Paul Kruger

A

president of the transvaal, 1833-1900

53
Q

Arbiration

A

a form of resolving disputes through mediation by a third party

54
Q

when was the Berlin West Africa conference

A

1884-85

55
Q

when was the Fashoda crisis

A

1898

56
Q

what year did the “scramble for Africa” begin?

A

1870

57
Q

what year did the Franco-Purssian war take place?

A

1870-71

History (6 decks)

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