How successful were attempts to improve international relations from 1924–29? Flashcards
1
Q
first country to return to the gold standard and when
A
Britain - 1925
2
Q
by what year has almost all countries returned to the gold standard?
A
1928
3
Q
why was the dawes plan made?
A
- Germany couldn’t pay reparations after WWI, causing economic crisis
- Hyperinflation in Germany
- France occupied the Ruhr (1923) to force payment
- US and UK feared European instability could hurt global peace and trade
4
Q
what did the dawes plan aim for?
A
- to ease reparations and stabilize German economy
- Encouraged US loans to Germany, boosting recovery and reparations flow.
5
Q
what was the Locarno Conference and what year was it held?
A
- 1925, in Locarno Switzerland
- Germany, France, Britain, Italy and Belgium attended
- Germany accepted Western borders with France and Belgium
-France agreed to peace with Germany - Improved international relations, known as the “Locarno Sprit”
6
Q
What was the Kellogg-Briand Pact and when was it held?
A
- Signed in 1928 by over 60 countries
- Led by USA (Kellogg) and France (Briand)
- Agreed to renounce war as a way to solve disputes
- Aimed to promote peace and prevent future wars
- Had no enforcement mechanism (not legally binding).
- Symbol of hopeful diplomacy after WWI.
7
Q
What was the role of the USA in this period?
A
- Leading economy (emerged after war)
- Benefited from repayment of war debts
- Gained new markets
- Economic Boom “The Roaring twenties” (rise in consumerism)
- Financial resources would help to overcome German reparations
- Hence, improving relations between France and Germany
8
Q
What was the Young Plan?
A
- Reduced Germany’s reparations from £6.6 billion to £2 billion
- Extended payment time to 59 years (until 1988)
- Lowered annual payments, easing economic pressure
- Helped stabilize German economy and boost confidence
- Faced opposition in Germany, especially from nationalists
- Came after the Dawes Plan, as a further revision.
