Why Should Research be ethically regulated?

Question 1

Why regulate research?

Answer 1

• potential for exploitation of vulnerable persons
• there is frequency of past abuse (radiation experiments)
• increasing commercialization/globalization and for-profit companies - need for transparency
• advances in fields of biotechologies - pose new ethical questions

Question 2

What is the European code of conduct for research integrity?

Answer 2

1. honesty - in reporting/proposing research
2. reliability and accuracy - in conducting the research and communicating results
3. objectivity - conclusions should be based on the accumulated evidence
4. impartiality and independence - avoiding conflicts of interest
5. open communciaiton - openness and collegiality in interactions with other researchers
6. duty of care- to participants in and objects of research whether human beings animals or the environment
7. fairness- in acknowledging the contributions of others to your work and in peer review
8. responsibility for future science generations - upholding standards and responsibilities for mentors and supervision in the education of junior researchers

Question 3

what is the difference between fabrication and falsification?

Answer 3

fabrication - making up data or results

falsification - manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes, or changing/omitting data such that research is not accurately represented