why regeneration is needed? Flashcards
what makes an area successful?
- transport links
- university (high skilled labour)
- quaternary industry
- high employment rates
- close to economic centre e.g. london
- attractive environment
CASE STUDY
what are the physical reasons the Berkshire is successful?
- fastest growing population in south-east england
- close to heathrow and M4
- historical sites such as windsor castle
- relatively flat which allows for industry to develop
CASE STUDY
what are the human reasons for Berkshire’s success?
- high rates of employment
- towns around the area are home to major ICT companies liek Microsoft and there are many high-tech reserach companies
- well-trained work force
- high demand for living space
- aflluent residents
CASE STUDY
problems caused by Berkshire’s success?
- house prices have risen 40-50% in 10 years (6 bed house - £2 mil)
- price of energy is too high for the aging populations - have to choose between car and heating ( no bus services)
- companies are employing migrants to work there and bringing 70,000 additional workers creates an overcrowded area
- having to build new houses but where - there is alot of greenland surrounding the area
why are some places unsuccessful?
negative multiplier effect:
- redundant buildings
- environment decay
- depression and despair
- crime
- out migration
- redundant buildings
CASE STUDY
Why is the rustbelt unsuccessful?
- growth of the car manufactuing industry - large skilled but poor population - good area for indsutry
- desindustrialisation occurs - automation - loss of 10,000s jobs - **foreign competition **- profits plummet - energy crisis
CASE STUDY
what were the impacts of deindustrialisation on the rustbelt?
- 36% of city’s pop. is below poverty line
- 7/10 crimes go unsolves
- highest unemployment rate (23%)
- student enrollment in public school fell by 100,000
CASE STUDY
what were the environmental consequences of the rust belt
- industrial pollution is prominent in betroit
- pollution hang over from the industrial times
- detroit adults have a 50% higher chance of getting asthma
what are sink estates
- council or social housing
- high levels of social and economic deprivation
- strong sense of community
- increased priority for regeneration
what are gated communities?
often found alongside sink estates
leads to social segregation
many found in gentrified areas where locals perceive newcomers as threats
what are commuter villages?
-normally inhabited by affluent residents and commuters
-steep rises in house prices may force young people out
- may lead to closer of services as commuters use them near work
what are declining rural settlements?
-ageing populations and lack of jobs driving young people away
- closure of services = negative multiplier effect
- growth of second home ownership
what is civic engagament?
a process in which people take collective action to address issues of public concern e.g. voting
what was the voting turnout in 2019?
68%
who votes and who doesn’t?
young and poor = no vote
old and rich = vote
why don’t people vote?
- belief that things won’t change
- disillusionment with politics
- no party that sticks out
- no representation
what factors affect civic engagment?
- gender
- length of residency
- age
- levels of deprivation
- ethnicity
why does gender affect engagement?
men are more engaged
stigma
safety
family life
why does length of residency affect engagement?
longer you live there = more voting
- students and migrants = less voting
why does age affect engagement?
old and rich = more voting
young and poor = less voting
why does levels of deprivation affect engagement?
less deprived = more voting
- homeless cant register
- other things to worry about e.g. food and shelter
why does ethnicity affect engagement?
language barrier
access to voting systems
lack of representation
what caused the london riots?
- failure to engage
- shooting of mark duggan
- social and economic inequality
- weak police response
- high rates of youth unemployment
- racial profiling
what do businesses consider a priority for regeneration?
- economic support - financial assistance and grants
- business development programs - helping businesses grow
- security measures - to ensure the safety and protection of businesses
- employment - appropriate employment for young people
what are the priorities for young people’s regeneration?
-youth engagement and empowerment - opportunities for at risk youth for activities, education and job training
- safe spaces - community centres where young people have resources and socialize
- social progression - better life
- mental health services - address underlying issues on why they rioted
what are the priorities for local council for regneration?
- public safety - improve community safety and prevent future unrest
- tackling austerity - provide the best possible services within restrictions
- community engagement - involve community in regeneration process
- infrastructure and public services - repair and improvement = improve quality of life
what are ethnic minorities priorities for regeneration?
- cultural diversity programs - promoting understanding = reducing tensions
- safety and security - ensuring protection and fair treatment
- support - support and resources to communities affected
- addressing social inequalities - promote equal opportunities
what are families priorities for regeneration?
- housing and social services - safe and affordable housing
- parenting support - guidance and resources
- educational support - catch up on missed education
what was tottenham’s £1 bil plan?
large-scale redevelopment project, It includes improvements in housing, transport, employment, and public spaces.
what were the key features of the £1bil plan?
- 10,000+ new homes
- £1bil hotspur stadium = jobs & businesses
- station improvements = roads and cycling infrastructure
- 5000+ new jobs
- new schools and parks
how will young people feel about 1 bil plan?
- improvement of education
- opportunities
- gentrification will push prices of housing
- small businesses closing down
how will local businesses feel about 1 bil plan?
- more people in the area
- more businesses = more people = more businesses
- gentrification = increase rents = less small businesses
how will ethnic minorities feel about the plan?
- does not implement support for them
- no representation
- only gentrifies the area
how will families feel about the plan?
- safe and affordable housing
- gentrification = increase house prices
- new education = better for families
how will local council feel about the plan?
- meets the needs through pedestrian friendly centre and improving education
- has not tackled the social and economic inequalities suffered by young people
