Why do the causes and impacts of tectonic activity vary in different countries? Flashcards
To know what the structure of the earth is like.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/217/127/641/a_image_thumb.png?1499878670)
What makes the Earth’s tectonic plates move?
•Convection currents
Where does the heat come to make the convection currents?
- The inner core.
- (1) heat from when the planet formed which has not yet been lost;
- (2) frictional heating, caused by denser/heavier core material sinking to the center of the planet;
- (3) heat from the decay of radioactive elements in the core
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/217/129/723/a_image_thumb.png?1499879005)
To know the three types of plate boundary.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/217/130/080/a_image_thumb.png?1499879590)
What is a hot spot?
- A really hot part of the mantle.
- A magma plume (bulge).
- It doesn’t move.
- It melts the plate above it.
- It creates a volcano.
- As the plate moves slowly over the hot spot new volcanoes are formed.
- The volcanoes form in a line.
What is an example of a hot spot?
- In the middle of the Pacific plate.
- It has created the group of islands that are called Hawaii.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/217/130/410/a_image_thumb.jpg?1499879687)
What is an earthquake?
- The shaking and vibration of the Earth’s crust
- Due to movement of the Earth’s plates (plate tectonics).
- Earthquakes can happen along any type of plate boundary.
What causes an earthquake?
- The plates moving.
- The release of built-up pressure inside the Earth’s crust.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/217/130/436/a_image_thumb.gif?1499879850)
What is the focus of an earthquake?
•It is the specific point where the pressure is released in the crust.
What is the epicentre?
- The point above the focus on the earth’s surface.
- Where there is the most damage.
What is a tsunami?
- A large wave
- Created by an under water earthquake.
- The plates suddenly move and move the water above them.
- This creates a large set of waves that travel over 200mph towards the coast.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/217/130/632/a_image_thumb.jpg?1499879872)
How did an earthquake impact a developing country?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/217/130/657/a_image_thumb.png?1499879929)
How did an earthquake impact a developed country?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/217/131/272/a_image_thumb.png?1499881292)
How can you prepare for an earthquake?
- Build life save buildings
- Shock-absorbers in the foundations.
- Steel frames to hold the building up.
Shutters to stop smashed glass from falling
- Strap bookcases and furniture to the walls so they don’t fall and crush people.
- Have an emergency kits- fresh water, torches, heater, first aid kit, food.
- Know where to shut off gas and electricity- to stop fires from starting.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/217/131/296/a_image_thumb.png?1499881469)
What is a composite volcano?
- A volcano on a destructive plate boundary.
- It has tall sides.
- It is made of layers of ash and lava from previous eruptions.