Why did the attempt at Constitutional monarchy fail? Flashcards
Why was the Civil Constitution of the Clergy (July 1790) so controversial?
It made clergymen swear an oath to the Assembly rather than God
Why was the CCoC so bad?
Split France
Suspicion from peasants
Louis hesitates in signing it
Seen as an attack on the church
What clubs were Republican in 1791?
Cordeliers, Jacobins
Why did Louis attempt to flee in 1791?
Prisoner in the Tuileries
CCoC
Prevented from taking Mass at Easter
Wife and sister were encouraging him to take action
What was the impact of the Flight to Varennes?
Louis lost popularity- royal inn signs disappeared around Paris
16th July Louis was suspended by the Assembly until the Constitution was complete
Cordelier petition for Louis’ deportation
When was the Flight to Varennes?
21 June 1791
What was the Champs de Mars massacre?
The Cordeliers organised a public signing of the petition on the 17 July 1791 that 50,000 people attended
They threw rocks at the National Guard who were keeping peace
The National Guard fired on them
Consequences of Champ de Mars?
Consolidated split between nationalists and moderates
Results of the 1971 elections?
Almost double the amount of right than left wing deputies elected
Most deputies elected were ‘The Plain’
Only 25% of active citizens voted
What bills did the King veto in January 1972?
Deporting non-curing clergy
Setting up a camp for 20,000 federes in Paris
Consequence of the war?
Increased tension + suspicion of counter-revolutionaries- blamed for the failures of the war
Who did Louis dismiss in May 1792?
Girondin deputies
What happened on 20 June?
8,000 demonstrators went to the Tuilleries to get Louis to withdraw his vetos and restore the Girondins, however after he drank to the nation they dispersed and the veto wasn’t withdrawn
What was the ‘patrie en danger’?
A state of emergency that called on everyone to fight
People got armed with pikes
Passive citizens got the vote
What was the Brunswick Manifesto?
A declaration from Austria and Prussia on 1 August that said if Louis was harmed vengeance would be taken on the people
This increased the belief that Louis was a traitor
When did Robespierre make his speech advocating for a complete Republic?
29th July
When was the Tuileries stormed?
9th August
What happened on the 9th August
The Tuileries were stormed by 20,000 sans-culottes and 2,000 federes
Most of the National Guard defending joined in
The Swiss mercenaries defending were massacred after firing on the crowd
Louis was arrested and the Assembly forced to recognise the Commune
What did Lafayette do after Louis’ arrest?
Tried to march on Paris to restore the Constitution but failed and defected to Austria
What were the September Massacres?
Encouraged by Marat, between the 2 and 7 September 1792, 1500 prisoners were killed by Parisian sans-culottes and federes
Effect of the Massacres?
Made people scared not to vote for Louis’ execution
What was the most important factor in the King’s execution?
Voting becoming public as it made the Plain scared not to vote for it as they feared retribution from the s-cs
