Whopper Day 2

Question 1

The process that occurs when water changes from a liquid to gas, cased by heat

Answer 1

Evaporation

Question 2

The cooling of water in the atmosphere, changing gas to liquid

Answer 2

Condensation

Question 3

Water droplets fall from the atmosphere in the form of rain

Answer 3

Precipitation

Question 4

Largest body of water on Earth, 75% of the surface

Answer 4

Ocean

Question 5

Provides energy that evaporates water and heats land

Answer 5

Sun

Question 6

All of the Earth’s water including surface water, ground water, snow cover ice and water in the atmosphere

Answer 6

Hydrosphere

Question 7

Most of the Earth’s water is at the ____ and _________ in the form of ___. The amount of _____ has stayed the ____ over _____ of years however the ____ or _____ is ________ changing.

Answer 7

Most of the Earth’s water is at the North and South Pole in the form of ice. The amount of water has stayed the same over millions of years however the form or state is constantly changing.

Question 8

The ___ is the driving _____ of the Earth’s ________. The major _____ of ______ which powers the water cycle is the ___

Answer 8

The sun is the driving force of the Earth’s weather. The major source of energy which powers the water cycle is the sun

Question 9

Found in the ocean

Answer 9

Saltwater

Question 10

Our primary source of drinking water

Answer 10

Freshwater

Question 11

The solid form of water is ___. A solid is matter that keeps its _____. A solid always takes up the same amount of _____.

Answer 11

The solid form of water is ice. A solid is matter that keeps its shape. A solid always takes up the same amount of space.

Question 12

A liquid is a matter that ___________________. The liquid may change its _____, but the amount of liquid stays the ____.

Answer 12

A liquid is a matter that takes the shape of its container. The liquid may change its shape, but the amount of liquid stays the same.

Question 13

A gas is a matter that spreads to ________. The gas form of water is _________. Water vapor is _________.

Answer 13

A gas is a matter that spreads to fill a space. The gas form of water is water vapor. Water vapor is invisivble

Question 14

All fresh water comes from _________; some of which is _________ immediately or soaks into soil, the remaining water is _______, or water that flows over the ground surface

Answer 14

All fresh water comes from precipitation; some of which is evaporated immediately or soaks into soil, the remaining water is runoff, or water that flows over the ground surface

Question 15

Fresh water examples:

Answer 15

River systems, ponds and lakes, wetlands and glaciers

Question 16

A river and all its tributaries, or small streams together with the watershed, the land area that supplies water

Answer 16

River System

Question 17

Form when water collects in hollow and low-lying areas of land

Answer 17

Ponds and Lakes

Question 18

Area of land that is covered with a shallow layer of water during some or all of the year. Three common types are marches, swamps and bogs

Answer 18

Wetlands

Question 19

Huge mass of ice and snow that moves slowly over land formed in areas where more snow falls each year than melts

Answer 19

Glaciers

Question 20

Are broken glaciers that have calved into the ocean

Answer 20

Icebergs

Question 21

Comes from precipitation that soaks into the ground between particles of soil and space in layers of rock

Answer 21

Underground Water

Question 22

Area of permeable (water is able to go through) rock or soil that is totally filled or saturated with water

Answer 22

Saturated Zone

Question 23

Layers of rock and soil that contain air as well as water, not able to be saturated

Answer 23

Unsaturated Zone

Question 24

Layer of rock or sediment that holds water and can range in size from a small pond to an area of several states

Answer 24

Aquifer

Question 25

Man-made hole drilled in order to obtain ground water from aquifer

Answer 25

Well

Question 26

Place where ground water bubbles or flows out of cracks in the rock

Answer 26

Natural Spring

Question 27

Type of hot spring which begins to rise through narrow passages begin forced out by heated gasses and steam from below (Kind of like a water volcano)

Answer 27

Geyser

Question 28

Possible Pollitants

Answer 28

Fertilizers, chemicals, pesticides, trash, yard waste, debris/oil, sediments, sewage.

Question 29

Natural Water Purification

Answer 29

Distillation, crystallization, aeration, sedimentation, and filteration

Question 30

Through evaporation, salts of the sea are left behind. this process results rainwater containing only traces of impurities

Answer 30

Distillation

Question 31

The process of crystal forming through cooling of liquids that form icebergs with relatively pure water

Answer 31

Crystallization

Question 32

Surface water that trickles over rocks allows impurities to be released into the air

Answer 32

Aeration

Question 33

Solid particles are removed in slow moving streams and lakes

Answer 33

Sedimentation

Question 34

When water moves through sand matter such as silt and clay is removed

Answer 34

Filtration

Question 35

Ocean currents are ________, directed movement of sea water generates by ____ acting upon this flow, such as breaking waves, wind and the _____________, _________ and _______ differences. Ocean currents can flow for _____________________

Answer 35

Ocean currents are continuous, directed movement of sea water generates by forces acting upon this flow, such as breaking waves, wind and the Coriolis Effect, temperature and salinity differences. Ocean currents can flow for thousands of kilometers

Question 36

Are generated largely by wind. Their patterns are determined by wind direction, Coriolis forces from Earth's rotation, and the position of land forms that interact with currents

Answer 36

Surface Currents

Question 37

Are caused by differences in water temperature and salinity. These currents take nutrients like oxygen heat

Answer 37

Deep Water Currents

Question 38

Is how close together the molecules of a substance are or how much mass a substance has in a given space

Answer 38

Density

Question 39

``` Formed from heating Cooling of magma (Inside) and lava (outside of a volcano) - Shiny or glassy - Surface has inter-looking crystals - No fossils - Gas pockets ```

Answer 39

Igneous Examples: Granite, Obsidian, Basalt, Pumice

Question 40

``` Made from pieces of rock Formed by deposition and cementation of the material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water - Layers form deposition - More porous less dense - Fine grains - Fossils can be found in them ```

Answer 40

Sedimentary Examples: Limestone, Sandstone, Clay, Shale

Question 41

Rocks changed by heat and pressure * Were once igneous or sedimentary and have changed from high temperatures and pressure - Rarely has holes or pores - Rarely has fossils - Foliated texture with band of light and dark rocks - Non-foliated metamorphic rocks have bands

Answer 41

Metamorphic Examples: Slate, Marble, Gneiss, Schist

Question 42

Coriolis Effect

Answer 42

Because the Earth rotates on its axis, circulating air is deflecting toward the right in the Northern Hemisphere and toward the left in the Southern Hemisphere

Question 43

The study of elevations on land in relations to each other

Answer 43

Topography

Question 44

Topography

Answer 44

Mountains, rivers, lakes, valleys. Roads dams and cities may be included

Question 45

Topographical Features

Answer 45

Landforms- Land forms studied in topography can include anything that physically impacts the area Elevation- The elevation or height of the mountains and other objects are recorded as part of topography. It is usually recorded to reference sea level. Latitude (Flat attitude)- Gives the North/South position of a location in reference from the equator. The equator has latitude of 0 degrees Longitude- gives the East/West position of a location. Longitude is generally measured in degrees from the Prime Meridian Contour Lines- Lines that connect points that are the same elevation.*Exact elevation, shape of land, and steepness of land's slope and never touch or cross. farther apart= gentle, low slope, Lines Close together= steep.

Question 46

Topography 4 Main Uses

Answer 46

Agriculture- Water flow, and how soil can be conserved Environment- Erosion, Establish conservation areas (watersheds) Weather- Meteorologists use info on surroundings Military- Military planning strategy, using elevation etc.

Question 47

The breaking down of rocks into sediments. | Examples: Water, wind, ice, and growing plants

Answer 47

Weathering

Question 48

(Take/Move) The movement of sediments from one place to another Examples: Water, wind, ice, and gravity Can cause flooding, mudslides, etc

Answer 48

Erosion

Question 49

The dropping of sediment in a new place | Example: Wind can drop sand to form sand dunes

Answer 49

Deposition

Question 50

A triangle shape piece of land that forms at the mouth of a river

Answer 50

Delta