Who you have to mention: Liberalism

Question 1

What were Locke’s key ideas?

Answer 1

Social Contract Theory and Limited Governemnt

Question 2

What is the social contract theory?

Answer 2

• society, state and government are based on agreeing in a contract. citizens give up rights to obey laws. if these rights aren’t upheld, they no longer follow laws.

Question 3

What is Locke’s limited government?

Answer 3

• government should be limited to the constitutions rules. This rejects the idea of monarchs from medieval times.

Question 4

Where is this used in the state?

Answer 4

• Locke did not accept that some people have “god-given” rights to rule.
• Rejected the idea that ordinary people were subjects of the state.
• true state would be for people to serve their interests.
• people would give up rights and follow law if certain rights were upheld.

Question 5

Where is this used in the state and limited government?

Answer 5

• Locke argued that the contractual nature of state embodied the concept of limited government.
• under this contract, government is limitd to representing the interests of people and getting their consent.

Question 6

Wollstonecraft key ideas?

Answer 6

• Women are capable of reason and rational.

- In order to be free, women need formal equality.

Question 7

What book did she write?

Answer 7

• A Vindication of the Rights of Women

Question 8

What was WSC view on Human nature?

Answer 8

• as men and women are both capable of reason, they should have the same rights.

Question 9

What was WSC view on the state?

Answer 9

• 18th Century women and men did not have the same rights and so could not enjoy freedom.
• Few women owned property or had good jobs and within marriage they were not legally independent.
• Women couldn’t vote, going against “government by consent”.

Question 10

What was WSC view on society?

Answer 10

• Women need all rights to be equal and free.
• Formal education was necessary.
• Marraige needed to be truly equal so that women could choose freely between family and career.

Question 11

John Stuart Mill key ideas?

Answer 11

• Harm Principle: People should be able to do whatever they want as long as they don’t harm anyone.
• Tolerance: people need to be prepared to accept values, customs and beliefs which one usually disagrees with.

Question 12

John Rawls key ideas?

Answer 12

• Theory of Justice: society must guarantee each citizen a life worth living.
• Veil of Ignorance: individuals agree on the type of society they want from a position where they lack knowledge of thier own position in society.

Question 13

JR uses?

Answer 13

• ## State: needs to be enabling, redistribute wealth, progressive taxation.