who am I chapter 9 and 10 Flashcards
time period in Europe when there was a lack of written record, schools, or centerilezed government
dark ages
first Christian missionary to the irish
patrick
founder of Irish monitaries, sent missionaries to scotland
Columbia (families)
universal church- og meaning all true believers everywhere who are united by faith in Christ
catholic
belief that Christ made Peter the leader of the church and gave him supreme authority and each successive leader inherits that same authority
petrine theory
belief that living apart from the world and denying onseld of worldly goods brings honor to God
monasticism
term for relugar church members
layity
religious act that grants grace based on the recipients right intentions
sacraments
person who translated the bible into latin
Jerome
roman church taught this was the place of torment for saved people to be purged of sins before entering heaven
purgatory
defeated the Muslims at the battle of tours
Charles Martel’s
territory in Italy the pope had direct political control over
papal states
the exception to the dark ages who created an empire centered around France
Charlemagne
northern invaders of Europe during the 8000/900
vikings
way of life in the middle ages where everything was based on the ownership and use of land
feudalism
lesser noble who owned alligence to a Lord
vassal
peasant farmer who worked the land for the Lord, could not be removed from home, but also couldn’t leave the manor
serf
officials and skilled men who paid taxes, but could come and go from manor frelly
freedmen
knight code of conduct emphasizing loyalty, protection for noblemen, and respect for the church along with fairness in fighting
chivalry
legendary English example of this ideal of chivalry
king Arthur
how did knights keep fit when there weren’t wars
tournaments or jousts
weapons eventually ended castle and feudalism as a practical way of life
gunpowder
buying and selling of church offices
simony
secular ruler giving a church official religious authority
lay intatiture
body of Chrurch leaders created to choose each new pope
college of cordinants
strongest pope in history said the pope authority was like the sun and kinds were like cooms deriving their power from the pope
innocent the third
to cut someone off from the sacraments and chruch
excommunication
to suspend public church services/ sacraments in a region
interdict
church court designed to stamp out heresy, but lacked due processes and used dear/tourture
inquision
started a new religious order to serve the poor/sick
Francis of assissi
founded holy Roman empire as a combination of German and Italian states
Otto 1
united England to fight vikings, including the first navy, a truly great leader in many ways
alfred the great
Victor of the battle of Hastings and the last forgeiner to successfully invade England
William the conquerer
established judicial reform including due processes, jury, trials, and common law in englanf
Henry the second
Henry the second`englsih kings famous for being in the kinds crusade
Richard the lion heared
signed the manga Carta
john
begin the first parliament in England
Edward the first
french king who went on the kings crusade but retuned home to defeat English king john over french territory owned by the english
Philip the second
established the estates general in france
Philip the fourth
began the first crusade in 1095
pope urban the second
