Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GI > Whitt > Flashcards

Whitt Flashcards

1
Q

Adenoviridae

  1. genome structure
  2. specific viruses
  3. disease
  4. vaccine
  5. incubation period
  6. disease duration
A
  1. linear, dsDNA
  2. adenovirus 40, 41
  3. diarrhea in INFANTS and CHILDREN less than 4 years old
  4. no
  5. 1 week (long)
  6. 8-12 days
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Astroviridae

  1. genome structure
  2. specific viruses
  3. disease
  4. vaccine
  5. incubation period
  6. disease duration
A
  1. nonsegmented, ss pos. sense RNA
  2. human astrovirus 1-8
  3. gastroenteritis in CHILDREN less than 5, IMMUNOCOMPROMISED adults, ELDERLY
  4. no
  5. 1-4 days
  6. 1-4 days
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Caliciviridae

  1. genome structure
  2. specific viruses
  3. disease
  4. vaccine
  5. incubation period
  6. disease duration
A
  1. nonsegmented, ss pos. sense RNA
  2. Norovirus
  3. FOODBORNE, epidemic acute gastroenteritis; VOMITING disease
  4. no
  5. 12-24 hrs (short)
  6. 1-3 days
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Picornaviridae

  1. genome structure
  2. specific viruses
  3. disease
  4. vaccine
  5. incubation period
  6. disease duration
A
  1. nonsegmented, ss pos. sense RNA
  2. Coxsackie virus, echovirus, enterovirus
  3. many: gastrenteritis, MENINGITIS, PLEURODYNIA, HAND FOOT MOUTH disease
  4. no (except polio)
  5. 3-10 days
  6. 5-10 days
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Reoviridae

  1. genome structure
  2. specific viruses
  3. disease
  4. vaccine
  5. incubation period
  6. disease duration
A
  1. SEGMENTED ds RNA
  2. Rotavirus
  3. severe diarrheal disease of INFANTS and CHILDREN
  4. yes
  5. 1-3 days
  6. 5-8 days
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do all of these enteric viruses (Rotavirus, Norovirus, Picornaviridae, Adenovirus, Astrovirus) have in common?

A

non-enveloped: extremely stable in environment

icosahedral capsid (not sure about Norovirus and Adenovirus)

oral fecal route (aden: fecally contaminated water; noro: contaminated food/water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Most important cause of severe diarrheal illness in infants and young children worldwide

A

Rotavirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which virus is segmented? What does this allow for?

A

Rotavirus
high antigenic diversity
11 G (VP7) and 12 P (VP4) serotypes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What allows for Rotavirus vaccine?

A

only 4 G-P combinations cause 90% of disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which virus has asymmetric transcription?

A

Rotavirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Reovirus (Rotavirus) replication

A
  1. endocytosis of virus and delivered to late endosome or lysosome: capsid proteins proteolytically processed to generate infectious sub viral particle (can also occur outside cell during passage thru gut)
  2. enzymes within core synthesize mRNAs: ASYMMETRIC transcription (make + RNA) and extrusion through capsid
  3. CAPPED mRNA assembled into assortment complexes and serve as template for - RNA strand
  4. assembly in CYTOPLASM
  5. progeny released by cell LYSIS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

capped mRNA

A

Rotavirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Rotavirus vs. Norovirus

  1. age
  2. transmission
  3. Sx
  4. infect which cells
  5. are AC and cAMP stimulated (like in V. cholera)
  6. when are Ab acquired
  7. immunity/vaccine
  8. prevention
A
  1. Rota: YOUNG; Noro: COMMUNITY
  2. both fecal oral; Noro contaminated food/water: shellfish, cake frosting, salad, CRUISE SHIP
  3. N/V, diarrhea, fever, dehydration
  4. villi of small intestine: loss of cells lining small/large intestine: FUNCTIONAL ALTERATION in small intestine epithelial cells: impaired glucose coupled Na transport
  5. no
  6. rota: early in life; nor: gradually and steadily increase over lifetime
  7. rota: vaccine (only 4 serotypes causes illness; noro: not long lasting due to antigenic drift
  8. rota: vaccine; noro: handwashing, disinfection of contaminated surfaces, proper food prep
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why are there fewer deaths but not fewer rotavirus infections in the US compared to worldwide deaths?

A

availability of effective fluid and electrolyte replacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

RotaTeq

A 
oral: 2, 4, 6 mo.
Rotavirus vaccine
pentavalent bovine-human reassortant viruses
G1-4, P8
live, attenuated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Rotarix

A

oral: 2 doses starting at 6 weeks
Rotavirus vaccine
monovalent: human derived
live, attenuated

17
Q

Star-like appearance on EM

A

astrovirus

18
Q

second most common cause of childhood diarrhea and infants less than 1 yr

A

Astrovirus

19
Q

winter diarrhea

A

astrovirus

20
Q

poliovirus disease

A

flaccid paralysis

21
Q

coxsackie virus disease

A 
hand, foot, mouth disease
meningoencephalitis
diarrhea
muscle pain
inflammation of myocardium and pericardium
22
Q

echovirus and other enteroviruses

A

mild gastroenteritis

23
Q

Hepatitis A

A

enterovirus-like picornavirus

24
Q

How are enteroviruses differentiated from rhinovirus?

A

acid stable

replicate at 37 C

25
Q

humans are only known reservoir

A

enteroviruses

26
Q

Where do enteroviruses initially replicate?

A

lymphoid tissue of upper respiratory tract and the gut

can isolate in throat swab

27
Q

Viremia of enterovirus infects what organs

A

spinal cord, brain
meninges
myocardium
skin

28
Q

Why is there no vaccines for enteroviruses (besides for polio)?

A

too many serotypes and many infections are asymptomatic

GI (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions