White Cells Flashcards
Granulocytes
Basophils neutrophils eisonophils
Have granules present in cytoplasm needed for microbicidal function
Neutrophil nucleus
Segmented
Neutrophil main function and mechanism
Defence against ingection through phagocytosis
Neutrophil life cycle
In circulation for 7-10hrs before becoming marginated in the vessel lumen, adhere to the endothelium and migrate into tissues
Phagocytosis then occurs following cytokine priming
Specialisation pathway of granulocytes
HSC - common myeloid progenitor-myeloblast-granulocyte
Eosinophil time in circulation
<7hrs(neutrophil)
Eosinophil which infection?
Defends against parasitic infection
Eosinophil main function
Regulation of Type 1 (immediate) hypersensitivity reactions
Eosinophil mechanism
inactivate the histamine and leukotrienes released by basophils and mast cells
Basophil granules contain stores of
Histamine, heparin & proteolytic enzymes
Basophil function
Immune and inflammatory response
Basophil immune response
Mediation of immediate type hypersensitivity reaction where Ig-E coated basophils release histamines and leukotrienes
Basophil inflammatory response
Mediation through release of heparin and proteases
Mast cells vs basophils
Similar but mast cells reside in tissue rather than circulation
Specialisation pathway of monocytes
HSC - common myeloid progenitor-myeloblast-monocyte
Monocytes time in circulation
Several days
Monocytes function
phagocytosis of micro-organisms covered with antibody and complement
phagocytosis of bacteria/fungi (cf antibody)
antigen presentation to lymphoid and other immune cells
Monocytes enter tissues then…
Develop into macrophages and other specialised cells which have a scavenging and phagocytosis function
T/B/Nat.Killer(NK) specialisation pathway
HSC-common lymphoid progenitor-T/B/NK CELL
B cell development process
Immunoglobulin (Ig)light and heavy chain gene rearrangement leading to surface Igs against many different antigens (humoral immunity)
Maturation requires exposure to antigens in lymphoid tissue E.g. lymph nodes
Results in recognition of non-self antigens by mature B cells and production of specific Igs & antibodies (+be and-be selection)
What immunity are T cells involved in
Cell mediated immunity
What immunity are NK cells involved in
Innate immunity - can kill tumour and virus infected cells
Leukocytosis
Too many white cells
Differential wbc count (%’s)
Neutrophil - 60/70
Lymphocytes-20/25
Monocytes-3/8
Eosinophils-2/4
Basophils-<1
