White Blood Cells (WBCs) Flashcards

1
Q

Another name for WBCs?

A

leukocytes

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2
Q

WBCs are begin formation in the _____?

A

bone marrow

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3
Q

Normal WBC count?

A

5,000 - 10,000

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4
Q

WBCs circulate throughout the ______ tissues.

A

lymphoid

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5
Q

WBCs are responsible for the ______ & _____ response.

A

immune & inflammatory

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6
Q

WBC are classified into what two groups?

A

granulocytes & agranulocytes

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7
Q

All granulocytes are ______, and have the ability to engulf microbes and other substances.

A

phagocytes

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8
Q

The granules within the granulocytes cytoplasm contain ______ & ________ that break down engulfed microbes.

A

chemicals & enzymes

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9
Q

granulocytes are divided into which three types?

A

neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils

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10
Q

Neutrophils defend against ______ & _______?

A

bacteria & fungi

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11
Q

Neutrophils are ___% - ____% of WBC count?

A

55% - 70%

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12
Q

Immature neutrophils are called _____?

A

bands

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13
Q

A “shift to the left” means there is an ____________.

A

increase in the number of bands (immature neutrophils)

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14
Q

Eosinophils are mostly found in ______ rather than circulation. Commonly the _____ & _____ tracts.

A

tissues.

GI & respiratory tracts

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15
Q

Eosinophils make up ___% - ____% of WBC count.

A

1% - 4%

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16
Q

Eosinophils increase to defend against ____ & ____.

A

parasites & allergies

17
Q

Basophils make up ___% - ____% of WBC count.

18
Q

What do Basophil granules contain?

A

heparin, & histamine

19
Q

Basophils are involved in _____ & ______ reactions.

A

allergic & hypersensitivity reactions

20
Q

Basophils release _______ .

21
Q

Monocytes mature into ________.

A

macrophages

22
Q

Monocytes make up ___% - ____% of WBC count.

23
Q

Neutropenia is neutrophil < _____.

A

<1500 cells

24
Q

Agranulocytosis is neutrophil count < ______.

A

<200 cells

25
Causes of Neutropenia?
``` Autoimmune disease Bone marrow depression Chemotherapy Congenital Radiation Meds Severe infection Viral infections Hematologic malignancies ```
26
Mononucleosis "kissing disease" is caused by the _____________ virus.
Epstein-Barr
27
Mononucleosis is transmitted via _____.
oral secretions
28
Manifestations of mononucleosis are?
enlarged lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy) sore throat (pharyngitis) increased wbc may be asymptomatic for 4-8 wks
29
__________ cell is present in Hodgkin's Lymphoma.
Reed-Stenberg cell
30
Manifestations of Hodgkin's Lymphoma:
enlarged, painless lymph nodes weight loss night sweats associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
31
Malignant cells in lymphoid tissue that do not have Reed-Stenberg cells are called _______.
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
32
Risk factor for leukemia in children is _____.
down syndrome
33
Leukemia is classified by _____ & ______.
cell type and duration
34
Symptoms for active myeloma:
CRAB ``` C= calcium; high R= renal problems A= anemia B= bone problems ```
35
_______ proteins are excreted in the kidneys due to their low molecular weight. (in myeloma)
Bence-Jones