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CSW Spirits > Whiskey > Flashcards

Whiskey Flashcards

1
Q

Bourbon whiskey requirements

A

Made in the USA
produced from fermented mash of min 51% corn
distilled at abv max 160 proof
stored at max 125 proof in charred new oak

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2
Q

rye whiskey requirements

A

min 51% rye mash
distilled at abv max 160 proof
max 125 proof in charred new oak

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3
Q

corn whiskey requirements

A

mash must be min 80% corn
distilled at abv max 160 proof
no requirement for oak

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4
Q

“straight” meaning

A

aged for at least two years in barrel

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5
Q

Scotch whisky must be aged in oak for a minimum of..

A

3 years

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6
Q

5 step production procedure for whiskey

A

mash/wort preparation
fermentation
distillation
maturation
blending and bottling

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7
Q

4 primary grains for whiskey production

A

barley
corn
rye
wheat

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8
Q

saccharification

A

the conversion of a starch to fermentable sugars

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9
Q

malting

A

allowing the grain to sprout

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10
Q

what happens when a grain sprouts

A

speicific enzymes are released that convert the grain’s starch to sugar

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11
Q

most widely used whiskey grain

A

barley

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12
Q

How is the malting stage begun?

A

barley or other grain is soaked in water - causing grain to sprout

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13
Q

What is a kiln

A

an oven

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14
Q

what happens after malting

A

kilning - the malt is dried and roasted in a kiln (oven)

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15
Q

what happens after kilning

A

milling - the kilned malt is screened and grounded into grist

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16
Q

what happens after milling

A

mashing - the ground malt is mixed with hot water - the hot water fully activates the enzymes that convert starch into sugar

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17
Q

What is “washing”

A

Process used in Scotland and Ireland - post mashing - the sugary liquid is washed from the malt and drained off. this liquid is known as the mash or wort.

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18
Q

What is a “mash” in the US?

A

sugary liquid and ground grain mixture

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19
Q

why is water a critical component of whiskey production?

A

water must be iron free, or the whiskey will become black-tinged
hard vs soft water affects final flavor

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20
Q

“cask-strength” and “barrel-proof bottling” meaning

A

no water is added to the whiskey before bottling

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21
Q

the 5 categories of Scotch whisky

A

Single Malt Scotch Whisky
Single Grain Scotch Whisky
Blended Malt Scotch Whisky
Blended Grain Scotch Whisky
Blended Scotch Whisky

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22
Q

Single Malt Scotch Whisky

A

Distilled at a single distillery by batch distillation in a pot still
Solely made with malted barley
Must be bottled in Scotland

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23
Q

Single Grain Scotch Whisky

A

Distilled at a single distillery
Produced from other malted or unmalted grains (typ. wheat or corn) + malted barley

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24
Q

t/f: Single Grain Scotch Whiskey means that the Scotch was made from a single type of grain, eg, wheat

A

False - single refers to the use of a single distillery

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25
Q

Blended Malt Scotch Whisky

A

blend of two or more single malt single malt Scotch whiskies that have been produced at more than one distillery

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26
Q

Blended Grain Scotch Whisky

A

blend of two or more single grain Scotch whiskies that have been produced at more than one distillery

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27
Q

Blended Scotch Whisky

A

blend of one or more single malt scotch whiskies with one or more single grain scotch whiskies

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28
Q

Blended scotch whisky accounts for about __% of production

A

90

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29
Q

Cutty Sark

A

well known blended Scotch

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30
Q

Floor Malting

A

traditional process used to prepare barley for fermentation - soaked grains are spread out over a smooth stone or cement floor while they germinate for a few days - not widely used

31
Q

What is peat?

A

Peat is a wetland soil - made from decomposed plants

32
Q

Malt scotch whiskies are generally aged in (used/new) barrels

33
Q

5 Scotch regions

A

The Highlands
The Lowlands
Speyside
Islauy
Campbeltown

34
Q

The Highlands profile

A

excellent entry-level scotches
sweet, soft finish
not as complex
Dalmore, Glenmorangie, Dalwhinnie are notable

35
Q

3 notable distillers from the Highlands

A

Dalmore ()
Glenmorangie ()
Dalwhinnie

36
Q

The Lowlands profile

A

General style is triple distilled, creating a lighter style.
Grassy, citrus, with dry finish

37
Q

Name a Lowlands distillery

38
Q

Scotch region with most distilleries

39
Q

Name 4 Speyside distilleries

A

Macallan
Glenfiddich
Glenlivet
Balvenie

40
Q

Islay profile

A

salty sea breeze + SMOKE

41
Q

Name 3 Islay distilleries

A

Lagavulin ()
Laphroaig ()
Bowmore

42
Q

Why are Islay distilleries known for the peat-heavy profile?

A

the island of Islay has the greatest quality of peat in Scotland

43
Q

Name one distillery of Campbeltown

A

Springsbank Distillery

44
Q

Age statements on Scotch reflect…

A

the age of youngest component of the Scotch

45
Q

Irish whiskey must be aged in cask for a min of..

46
Q

4 types of Irish Whiskey

A

Irish Malt Whiskey
Irish Grain Whiskey
Irish Pot Still Whiskey
Blended Irish Whiskey

47
Q

t/f: Irish whiskey distillers are known for their used of peated malt

A

false - almost always non peated malt - results in a smoother and less smoky whisky

48
Q

Grain recipe for Irish whiskey vs Scotch

A

(excluding Irish malt whiskey) Irish whiskey is produced via combo of malted and unmalted barley - unmalted barley imbues leathery flavors

49
Q

“bottled-in-bond”

A

no colorings, flavors, sweeteners

50
Q

Bourbon is named after…

A

Bourbon County, Kentucky

51
Q

History of American WHiskey

A

Immigranted traveled to Pennsylvanie and Virgina - rye and corn grows very well here, but were difficult to transport - whiskey became a big use of these crops - and soon, a thriving whiskey market began

52
Q

legal aging req for bourbon

A

no mandatory minimum

53
Q

t/f: bourbon may not contain coloring agents

A

true (except for blended bourbon)

54
Q

Straight bourbon

A

aged in charred new oak for at least 2 yrs

55
Q

Blended bourbon

A

may contain coloring or flavoring agents, other spirits, min 51% straight bourbon

56
Q

95% of bourbon is made in…

57
Q

5 producers of Kentucky Bourbon

A

Four Roses
Jim Beam
Makers Mark
Elijah Craig
Blanton’s
Basil Hayden’s
Angel’s Envy
Evan Williams
Woodford Reserve
Pappy Van Winkle

58
Q

Kentucky Bourbon reqs

A

produced from grains cooked, fermented and distilled in state
aged min 1 yr in charred new oak in state

59
Q

Tennessee whiskey requirements

A

bourbon reqs w/ couple other standards:

produced in tennessee
filtered through maple charcoal

60
Q

what does a maple charcoal filter result in

A

a fuller, robust flavor

61
Q

name 2 tennesee whiskeys

A

jack daniel’s
george dickel

62
Q

rye whiskey must be min.

A

51% rye in the mash

63
Q

name 4 popular rye whiskies

A

Templeton Rye
Sazerac Rye
Bulleit Rye
WIld Turkey Rye

64
Q

american corn whiskey reqs

A

min 80% corn

65
Q

this American whiskey is often unaged

A

corn whiskey

66
Q

Canadian whisky requirements

A

aged in cask min 3 yrs
mashed distilled and aged in Canada
min 40% ABV

67
Q

name 3 canadian whiskeys

A

canadian club
crown royal
seagram’s 7

68
Q

1st commercial malt whisky distillery in japan

A

suntori (1923)

69
Q

Nikka founder

A

the founder of Nikka was the founding distiller at Suntori

70
Q

Japanese whisky reqs

A

made in Japan
aged in cask min 3 yrs

71
Q

t/f: the barley used for Japanese whisky is imported from scotch

72
Q

Where is Kavalan?

CSW Spirits (15 decks)

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