When animals bite (lecture)

Question 1

What age group and sex are at greatest risk for dog bites?

Answer 1

Boys 5 - 9

Question 2

What type of infections are related to cat bites?

Answer 2

Deep abscess and osteomyelitis

Question 3

What bacteria genus is particularly high in cat bites?

Answer 3

Pasteurella

Question 4

What Abx (2) are indicated for cat bites in people who are PCN allergic and why are those particular ones used?

Answer 4

Metronidazole is used for anaerobe coverage

Cipro is used for Pasteurella coverage

Question 5

What is the first line treatment of cat bites (combo)?

Answer 5

Amox-clav

Question 6

10 y.o. comes to the office with lymphadenopathy and fever that developed after being bit by a cat 2 weeks ago. What is the likely organism and first line Abx?

Answer 6

Batronella henselae causes cat scratch fever

Azithromycin is 1st line

Question 7

When in doubt and no contraindications for use, what is the 1st line treatment of bites?

Answer 7

Amox-clav: This combo was mentioned repeatedly in lecture.

Question 8

Patient returned from S. America where he reports swimming in a lot of natural water and is complaining of severe penis pain and swelling. What is the likely cause of his pain?

Answer 8

Candiru: This is a fish that swims up the urethra while peeing in water.

Question 9

Pet store worker comes in with multiple skin pustules, papules, and ulcers on his hand. She remembers cutting her hand while cleaning a fish tank a couple of weeks ago. What is the test you would order for confirming the most likely cause?

Answer 9

Acid fast should reveal mycobacterium, specifically marinum.

Question 10

Food poisoning after eating shell fish. What is it and how should it be treated (Abx of choice)?

Answer 10

Vibrio. Treat with doxy + ceftriaxone

Question 11

What bacteria is associated with reptiles and the DoC for treatment?

Answer 11

Salmonella - give ceftriaxone + B-lactamase inhibitor

Question 12

Dez Bryant comes in after getting bit by one of his monkeys. He reports ascending paralysis and seizures. What is the most likely infective agent and treatment? What would be the treatment for his pregnant wife?

Answer 12

HBV

Give him vancyclovir and his wife acyclovir

Question 13

Who gets rabies?

Answer 13

People who play with bats, foxes, or skunks.

Question 14

What type of nerve is the target tetanus toxin?

Answer 14

It blocks the action of inhibitory nerves by blocking GABA

Question 15

What is the mechanism of botulism toxin?

Answer 15

Prevent release of Acetylcholine by cleaving synaptobrevin