What is the role of the media and free press? Flashcards
What is the function of the media?
To communicate information to others
What does the media include?
1 - Internet
2 - Television
3 - Radio
4 - Magazines
5 - Newspapers
6- Cinema
What is traditional media?
1 - Newspapers
2 - Television
3 - Radio
4 - Cinema
What is new media?
1 - Internet
2 - E-media
3 - Social media
What is e-media?
1 - All forms of media relating to the internet
2 - Internet media
What is social media?
How people interact with each other on the internet
What is happening to the power of social media?
Increasing
What are citizen journalists?
General public collecting and sharing news
What is mass media?
Ability to communicate with a large number of people at the same time
What are the trends in how people access the news?
1 - Decline in newspaper and magazine purchases
2 - Increase in access to newspapers through online platforms
3 - Increase in access to news through apps
How can the media aid the sharing of ideas?
1 - Encourages discussion and debates
2 - The internet
3 - Written communication within magazines and magazines
4 - Call-up chat show or question/answer elements of TV shows
5 - Encourages people to campaign for change
How can the media be used to hold the government to account?
1 - Scrutinise the actions of organisations or people of public interest
2 - Expose wrongdoings, mistakes or broken promises
What media is associated with what political part and therefore may be biased?
1 - Conservative: Telegraph / Times / Daily Mail / The Sun
2 - Labour: The Guardian /Daily Mirror
How can the media be used to aid the investigation of matters in public interest?
1 - Share evidence
2 - Encourage people with additional evidence to get in touch
3 - Scrutinise the role. and work of groups and individuals within an investigation
How effective are the media in carrying out their roles?
1 - Effective
a - Increase awareness of political activity
b - Increased public support for pressure groups
2 - Not Effective
a - Media reporting can be biased
b - Media / news can still be sourced in non-moral ways
c - Celebrities still claim the media breaches personal privacy
Who are Ofcom?
1 - Office of Communications
2 - Government regulator for the media industry
What is free press?
1 - The right for journalists to hold opinions and express them freely without government interference
2 - E.g. the right to criticise governments without fear of prosecution
How can people express their opinion?
1 - Aloud
2 - Television
3 - Published Articles (Newspapers / Magazines / Books / Leaflets)
4 - Radio
5 - Artwork
6 - Internet
What are the legal responsibilities of free press?
1 - To obey the Law
2 - Act in the best interest of National Security
3 - Act in the best interest of society (limit crime, maintain authority of judiciary)
4 - Prevent the disclosure of information received in confidence
What are the moral responsibilities of free press
1 - To hold people into account in the public interest
2 - To report information accurately
3 - Treat people with dignity
4 - Upheld by media organisations code of practice
How can the media inform and influence public opinion?
1 - Reveal information that enables the public to make decisions
2 - Expose wrongdoings and injustices
3 - Protect the public from danger
4 - Prevent the public from being misled
When has there been an example of the media influencing public opinions?
1 - Turkey’s refugee crisis 2015
a - Image of a deceased child published on the internet
b - Public outcry
c - UK government announced it would accept more refugees
2 - EU referendum 2016
a - Newspapers generally opposed EU membership
b - Television stations remained impartial
c - UK voted to leave the EU
Why did the News of the World cease publication?
1 - In 2011
2 - Phone hacking scandal
a - Hacking phones to generate stories for publication
b - Celebrities, politicians and victims of crime targeted
3 - Formed editor jailed
a -He was the Prime Minister’s official spokesperson
4 - 5 people pleaded guilty
How is the media in the UK regulated?
1 - Self-regulation through the Press Complaints Commission.
2 - Failures of self-regulation were identified through the Leveson Enquiry.
3 - Regulatory body- The Independent Press Standard Organisation emerged to regulate the media.
4 - OFCOM regulates the broadcasting media (TV and Radio)
Why is the media regulated?
1 - To ensure media companies act morally – in response to the Leveson Enquiry.
2 - To ensure that the media does not infringe on people’s privacy.
3 - To minimise the production and sharing of fake news.
4 - To protect people from harmful and offensive content but allow the freedom of challenging programmes.
What is the Royal Charter?
1 - Sets out the BBC’s responsibilities to be impartial and to inform, educate and entertain the public
2 - Self-regulation by the press
a - Newspapers need to decide whether or not to sign up to Royal
Charter
Who was the new body established to regulate the press?
1 - IPSO - Independent Press Standards Organisation
2 - Established in 2014
What does the IPSO do?
1 - Handle complaints
2 - Conduct investigations into standards and compliance
What powers does the IPSO have?
1 - Demand the publication corrections
2 - Fine publications
Who has signed up to the IPSO?
1 - 1400 print titles
2 - Not the Financial Times, Guardian or Independent
How do the IPSO look at complaints?
Under the editors code of practice
What is censorship?
1 - Restrictions about what can be written or broadcasted.
2 - In the UK restrictions include:
a - Prevention of publication of news which may breach the peace.
b - Prevention of publication of court proceedings which include the
names of you victims and young offenders.
c - Prevention of publication of information that incites terrorism.
d - Age restrictions on programmes
Why do some countries have censorship?
1 - Westernised countries such as the UK have censorship to ensure safety and
maintain peace.
2 - Countries such as China and North Korea have censorship to protect national culture, and cultural ideals.
What limits the media?
1 - Libel
2 - Obscenity
3 - Blasphemy
4 - DA notices from Government
What is libel?
1 - Publishing a false statement that is damaging to a person’s reputation.
2 - A civil matter where the respondent has to prove the published comments are
true or if false have not damaged an individual’s reputation.
What is obscenity?
1 - Being obscene
2 - Use of offensive word or expressions
What is blasphemy?
Speaking offensively about God or sacred things
What are DA-Notices?
1 - Defence Advisory notices
2 - Not to publish stories as they are not in the best interest of the public
How do people use the media to influence public opinion?
1 - Advertising
2 - Campaigns
3 - Protests
4 - Published articles
How can pressure groups use the media to support their ideas?
1 - Inform media stations of any campaigns or protests.
2 - Speaking live on media channels.
3 - Publishing personalised media reports.
How do the government and people in power attempt to use the media to their advantage?
1 - Hire media consultants to maintain a positive public image.
2 - The use of social media and blogs to inform and engage with the public.
How do political parties and groups of people attempt to use the media to cover their ideas?
1 - Inform the media on any research or activities they are doing.
2 - Use of websites and inform media about websites to promote ideas.
3 - The use of live streaming and video blogs to inform about ideas.
4 - Speak to radio / newspaper and news stations.
How has the role of the media changed?
1 - Due to social media, news is now instant
2 - Information is harder to censor, for example Ryan Giggs Case
3 - Teens are most vulnerable to what is on the internet and need better protecting and regulation
4 - Increase in sexting and revenge porn
Why do we have media laws?
1 - Protect the rights of people reported on in the media
2 - Make sure stories are fair and accurate
3 - Make sure stories don’t harm the country;
How do politicians use the media to campaign?
1 - Debates
2 - Discussions
3 - Party political broadcasts
Name a campaign group which has had a lot of attention in the media
1 - Fathers4justice
2 - Greenpeace
