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SOC 224 > What is Deviance? > Flashcards

What is Deviance? Flashcards

1
Q

Deviance

A

A person, behavior, or characteristic that is socially typed as deviant and subjected to measures of social control

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2
Q

Conformity

A

A behavior that is in accordance with social norms because of agreement with social values or fear of sanctions

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3
Q

Two Types of Deviance

A

Negative deviance, positive deviance

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4
Q

Negative Deviance

A

Violates situational expectations

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5
Q

Positive Deviance

A

Intentional behaviors that depart from the norms of a referent group in honorable ways, in other words surpasses expectations

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6
Q

Social Norms

A

Expectations of conduct in particular situations

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7
Q

Norm Violations Usually Result In:

A

Reactions or sanctions

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8
Q

Proscriptive Social Norms

A

What not to do within social norms

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9
Q

Prescriptive Social Norms

A

What to do within social norms

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10
Q

Social Role

A

Collection of norms that together convey expectations about appropriate conduct for persons in a particular position

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11
Q

Objectivism

A

Something inherent in a person, behavior, or characteristic that makes it deviant

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12
Q

Limitations of Statistical Rarity in Objectivism

A

1: What is the criteria for “rare”?
2: Common things may be unacceptable
3: Rare things may be acceptable
4: Hidden, but not rare?

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13
Q

Harm in Objectivism

A

Can be directed at a person, or society

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14
Q

Limitations of Harm in Objectivism

A

1: Perceptions of harm vary over time
2: Perceptions of harm are subjective
3: Some types of deviance less harmful than non-deviant behaviors
4:Perceptions of harm largely exaggerated

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15
Q

Four Types of Societal Reaction/Responses in Objectivism

A

Negative, Tolerant, Denial, Romanticization or Demonization

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16
Q

Negative Response

A

When a behavior elicits criticism or punishment

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17
Q

Tolerant Response

A

When deviancy is considered reasonable

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18
Q

Denial Response

A

Attempts to deny the deviance we see

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19
Q

Romanticization or Demonization Response

A

Imagined moral monster vs. Robin Hood

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20
Q

Limitations of Societal Reaction in Objectivism

A

1: Whose reactions count the most?
2: People may still be “deviantized” when society reacts positively

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21
Q

Absolutist View of Norms

A

1: Behavior or characteristic is INHERENTLY and UNIVERSALLY deviant
2: Some norms should be followed in ALL cultures at all times
3: Absolute moral order

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22
Q

Culturally-Specific View of Norms

A

1: Norms are culturally specific
2: Not an absolute moral order

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23
Q

Types of Norms

A

Folkways, Mores, Law

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24
Q

Folkways

A

Norms that govern everyday behavior

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25
Q

Mores

A

The foundation of morality

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26
Q

Law

A

Norms enriched in the legal system

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27
Q

Limitations of Norms in Objectivism

A

1: Lack of consensus over norms
2: Situational differences

28
Q

Subjectivism

A

Focuses on the processes by which people, behaviors, or characteristics are perceived and labelled as deviant

29
Q

Dominant Moral Codes in Subjectivism

A

1: How many people condemn and act?
2: How much power do they have?
3: How strong is their disapproval?

30
Q

Social Construction of Deviance in Subjectivism

A

Deviance as a social construction; dominant moral codes are socially constructed;
of sociological significance is not the behavior or characteristic itself, but it’s place in the social order, roles assigned to individuals who exhibit it, and the meanings attached to it

31
Q

Levels of Social Construction

A

Individual, Interactional, Institutional, Sociocultural - (lowest to highest)

32
Q

Moral Entrepreneurs That Manufacture Public Morality

A

Politicians, Scientists, Religious Institutions, Media, Commercial Enterprise

33
Q

How Do Moral Entrepreneurs Manufacture Public Morality?

A

1: Bring a problem to public awareness
2: Facilitate “moral conversion”

34
Q

A person, behavior, or characteristic that is socially typed as deviant and subjected to measures of social control

A

Deviance

35
Q

A behavior that is in accordance with social norms because of agreement with social values of fear of sanctions

A

Conformity

36
Q

Negative deviance, positive deviance

A

Two Types of Deviance

37
Q

Violates situational expectations

A

Negative Deviance

38
Q

Intentional behaviors that depart from the norms of a referent group in honorable ways, in other words surpasses expectations

A

Positive Deviance

39
Q

Expectations of conduct in particular situations

A

Social Norms

40
Q

Reactions or sanctions

A

Norm Violations Usually Result In:

41
Q

What not to do within social norms

A

Proscriptive Social Norms

42
Q

What to do within social norms

A

Prescriptive Social Norms

43
Q

Collection of norms that together convey expectations about appropriate conduct for persons in a particular position

A

Social Role

44
Q

Something inherent in a person, behavior, or characteristic that makes it deviant

A

Objectivism

45
Q

1: What is the criteria for “rare”?
2: Common things may be unacceptable
3: Rare things may be acceptable
4: Hidden, but not rare?

A

Limitations of Statistical Rarity in Objectivism

46
Q

Can be directed at a person, or society

A

Harm in Objectivism

47
Q

1: Perceptions of harm vary over time
2: Perceptions of harm are subjective
3: Some types of deviance less harmful than non-deviant behaviors
4:Perceptions of harm largely exaggerated

A

Limitations of Harm in Objectivism

48
Q

Negative, Tolerant, Denial, Romanticization or Demonization

A

Four Types of Societal Reaction/Responses in Objectivism

49
Q

When a behavior elicits criticism or punishment

A

Negative Response

50
Q

When deviancy is considered reasonable

A

Tolerant Response

51
Q

Attempts to deny the deviance we see

A

Denial Response

52
Q

Imagined moral monster vs. Robin Hood

A

Romanticization or Demonization Response

53
Q

1: Whose reactions count the most?
2: People may still be “deviantized” when society reacts positively

A

Limitations of Societal Reaction in Objectivism

54
Q

1: Behavior or characteristic is INHERENTLY and UNIVERSALLY deviant
2: Some norms should be followed in ALL cultures at all times
3: Absolute moral order

A

Absolutist View of Norms

55
Q

1: Norms are culturally specific
2: Not an absolute moral order

A

Culturally-Specific View of Norms

56
Q

Folkways, Mores, Law

A

Types of Norms

57
Q

Norms that govern everyday behavior

A

Folkways

58
Q

The foundation of morality

A

Mores

59
Q

Norms enriched in the legal system

A

Law

60
Q

1: Lack of consensus over norms
2: Situational diferences

A

Limitations of Norms in Objectivism

61
Q

Focuses on the processes by which people, behaviors, or characteristics are perceived and labelled as deviant

A

Subjectivism

62
Q

1: How many people condemn and act?
2: How much power do they have?
3: How strong is their disapproval?

A

Dominant Moral Codes in Subjectivism

63
Q

Deviance as a social construction; dominant moral codes are socially constructed;
of sociological significance is not the behavior or characteristic itself, but it’s place in the social order, roles assigned to individuals who exhibit it, and the meanings attached to it

A

Social Construction of Deviance in Subjectivism

64
Q

Individual, Interactional, Institutional, Sociocultural - (lowest to highest)

A

Levels of Social Construction

65
Q

Politicians, Scientists, Religious Institutions, Media, Commercial Enterprise

A

Moral Entrepreneurs That Manufacture Public Morality

66
Q

1: Bring a problem to public awareness
2: Facilitate “moral conversion”

A

How Do Moral Entrepreneurs Manufacture Public Morality?

SOC 224 (11 decks)

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