what is biomechanics- the basics Flashcards
define biomechanics
1) Biomechanics is the study of the mechanical aspects humans.
It focuses on how biological systems and structures move, function, and interact with their physical environment.
3)Biomechanics combines principles from biology and physics to analyze and understand the mechanics of the body, including the forces, motions, and stresses involved in various activities and physiological processes.
4) examples include Researchers in this field often use tools like computer simulations, motion analysis, and instrumentation to investigate topics ranging from the movement of muscles and joints to the mechanics of cellular processes.
what are the 3 branches of biomechanics ? give examples
Kinematics- is the study of or movement description
Kinetics- related to the study of forces and how they relate to joints and movement
rehabilitations/movement assistive devices
describe the branch of kinematics
1) Deals with the study of motion without considering the forces that cause or influence that motion.
2) it i describing the position, velocity, and acceleration of objects as they move through space, often represented graphically with position-time, velocity-time, and acceleration-time graphs.
time.
3) focuses on the “what” and “how” of motion, describing the path an object takes and how its velocity changes without explaining why these changes occur.
Describe Kinetics?
Kinetics:
1) Is the branch of mechanics that deals with the forces and torques (rotational forces) that cause changes in the motion of objects.
2)It is concerned with explaining and analyzing the causes of motion, specifically how forces affect the motion of an object according to
3) It answers questions about why an object accelerates or changes direction due to the forces acting upon it.
In summary, kinematics is all about the description of motion without concern for the forces involved, while kinetics delves into the forces and their effects on the motion of an object. Both concepts are essential for understanding and predicting the behavior of objects in motion, and they are often used together to analyze and solve problems in mechanics.
kinematics is the _________and kinetics is_________
description of motion without concern for the forces involved, kinetics is the study of the forces and their effects on the motion of an object
what are some tools or devices used to understand biomechanics?
1) Reflective markers placed on joints and bones
2) Force plates (measure reactive ground force, can assess where
pressure is and used in gait analysis
3)High speed cameras
what are the kinetic quantities?
scalars and vectores
what is scalar quantities?
it a a quantity that only has magnitude with no direction
they are units
mass, time, weight, energy speed, distance, length
what is a vector quantity?
It is a quantity that has magnitude and direction
examples
displacement
acceleration
gravity
force
power
velocity
what are the type of motions?
1) linear in a straight line
2)angular
3)angular + linear combined
define linear?
Linear is when everything is moving forward in a straight line in same direction
types of linear with examples
1) rectilinear- runner, sprinter, swimmer
2) curvilinear which is along a curve speed skater, track cyclist
define angular motion?
Angular motion is when an object rotates about the center of mass or line e.g. gymnast swinging a full circle around a bar
what is general or linear/angular motion?
it is the combination of linear and angular motion in movement running
How is data do we analyze movement?
quantitative and qualitative
what is qualitative analysis?
Description of movement (Without numbers)
using Words or questions based on observation e.g Powe skating looking at technique and issues
it is subjective
less reliable but easy
interpretive and is personal influenced by opinions
what is qualitative analysis?
The use of measurable numbers to describe movements
based on facts, reliable data
it is unbiased
what are newtons laws of motion
1st Law Inertia
An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force
2nd Law of acceleration
Law of Force and Acceleration, a force upon an object causes it to accelerate according to the formula net force = mass x acceleration. So the acceleration of the object is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass.
3rd: Action & Reaction
Newton’s 3rd law simply states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
what is the net force________
equals the sum of all unbalanced forces
what is colinear ?
vectors acting in the same directions
what is Forces that are parallel ?
when forces act opposite to each other got to subtract
