What is Aging Flashcards
Successful Aging
- Being able to live and function independently in a healthy way
What are some recent aging trends
- People are living long
- Women tend to live longer than men
- We have and older and younger generation at the same time
- Etc.
Centarian
- A person who has reached over the age of 100
- They have more than doubled in Canada in recent years
Why has the aging population grown recently
- Cures
- Increased health care
- Better diet
- Better health
- Population is increasing
- Baby Boomers
- New technology
Questions related to an increased aging population
- Do we have enough ressources and facilities
What kinds of changes happen with age
- Physical/biological
- Social/emotional
- Cognitive
- Perceptual
Examples of physical/biological changes
- Health
- Mobility
- Balance
- Disease
- Illness
Examples of social/emotional changes
- Isolation
- Depression
- Differences between the person and environmental
- Can’t work anymore
Examples of cognitive changes
- Cognitive issues like dementia
Examples of perceptual changes
- Stigma from yourself and others
- Agism
How does aging affect how we live in the environment
- We need to use equipment
- Modify living spaces
- Avoiding things we can no longer do
- We may have environmental preferences, like finding quieter spaces or deciding where you want to want/can travel
- May use more tech
Life expectancy
- A measure of the average numbers of years a person can expect to live
- Varies depending on where we live based on many different reasons like health care, temperature, social services, poverty, etc.
- Certain things have recently caused a dip in this number because of things like covid, opioids, gun violence, etc.
What forces influence aging
- Biological
- Psychological
- Socio-cultural
- Life-cycle
Biological force of aging
- Changes in the organ system
- Wrinkles
- Diabetes
- Menopause
- Vision
- Changes in appetite
- Genetics/Genetic predisposition
Psychological force of aging
- Internal perceptual
- Cognitive emotional
- Personality factors that affect development
- Declines in memory
- More agreeable
- More passionate
- More tolerable
- Conscientiousness changes and impact social and wellbeing
- Better emotional regulation
- More positive
Socio-cultural force of aging
- Interpersonal
- Societal
- Cultural and ethnic factors
- Emotional fulfilling relationships
Life-cycle force of aging
- Reflect differences in how the same event or combination of biological, psychological, and socio-cultural forces affect people at different points in their lives
- Ex: Change in health status affects older people more than younger people
Biopsychosocial Framework
- Way of organizing the biological, psychological, and sociocultural forces on human development
- Even if each person lives the exact same factors they will still become different versions on themselves
Normative age-graded influence
- Experiences from the biopsychosocial forces that occur to most people at a specific age
- Ex: Puberty, menopause
Normative history graded influences
- Events that most people in specific culture experience at the same time
- Ex: Epidemics, Stereotypes
Nonnormative Influences
- Random or rare events that may be important for a specific person but are not experienced by most people
- Ex: Winning the lottery, experiencing an accident
What are some myths about aging
- All older adults get dementia
- Older adults can’t learn new things
- People feel lost in retirement and often get sick and die after the retirement
- Most older people feel depressed or bored
- Sexual activity and interest in sex decline later in life
Chronological Age
- Based on the passe of time and is limited significant in terms of health
- What we typically refer to
Biological Age
- Based on changes that occur in the body as people age
- Ex: Looking at the cardiovascular system
Psychological Age
- Based on functional level of psychological abilities
- Ex: Memory, intelligence, etc.
Socio-cultural age
- Based on the set roles we adopt in relation to our society and culture
- Ex: The way we dress, the role we have in our family
What is aging
- Gradual, continuous process of natural chances that begin at birth leading to senescence
- Some affects of aging have no influence on our functioning and others do
- Advancing age is a major risk factor for issues of chronic disease
- The brain developing at around 30 years old
Young-Old
- 60-74 years old
- Often have fewer responsibilities so they can pursue leisure activities
- Evidence of cognitive decline and emotional stability
- High levels of emotional and personnel well-being
Old-Old
- 75-84 years old
- Increased risk of health conditions
- Slight changes in cognition often occur
- May require adjustments in social networks due to death of family and friends
Oldest-Old
- 85+ years old
- Typically at the limits of their functioning with increased rates of disease
- Evidence of cognitive deficits appearing more often
- Problems arise with quality of life and dying with dignity
Primary Aging
- Normal, disease free development during adulthood
Secondary Aging
- Developmental changes that are related to disease, lifestyle, and other environmentally induced changes
- Ex: Pollution affecting/aging your lungs
Tertiary Aging
- Also know as the terminal drop
- Rapid losses that occur shortly before death
- Usually the last few years before death
How can we study old people
- Following over time
- Comparing age groups
- Imaging and behavioural design
- Interventions