Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CD 660: Test 1 > What are the Motor Speech Disorders? > Flashcards

What are the Motor Speech Disorders? Flashcards

1
Q

Selecting/organizing motor programs for correctly executing speech motor movement

A

Motor planning/ “motor programming”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Articulation of motor neurons providing neural outputs to muscles of articulators (involves speech subsystems)

A

Execution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a motor speech disorder?

A

A (nonsymbolic) neurogenic communication disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

symbolic impairments : ______ :: non-symbolic impairments : non-linguistic

A

linguistic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

An impairment of speech production caused by defects of the neuromuscular system, the motor control system or both

A

Definition of MSD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What underlying systems may have defects in an MSD?

A

planning, programming, & executing speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

processes that define and sequence articulatory goals (before initiation of movement)

A

Motor planning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

motor-planning : structure specific :: motor-programming : ________

A

muscle-specific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

processes that establish and prepare the flow of motor info across muscles, as well as control timing and force movement (before initiation of movement)

A

motor programming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

processes that activate relevant muscles (during and after initiation of movement)

A

motor execution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 2 broad categories of motor speech disorders? (for adults)

A

Apraxia of Speech (AOS) and Dysarthria(DAS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A neurologic speech disorder that reflects an impaired capacity to plan or program sensorimotor commands for the positioning and movement of muscles for the volitional production of speech

A

Apraxia of Speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

AOS can occur without significant ________ or ______, and in the absence of disturbances of concious thought or language.

A

muscular weakness or slowness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A collective name for a group of neurologic speech disorders resulting from disturbances in muscular control.

A

Dysarthria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

impaired capacity to plan/program sensorimotor commands : ______ :: disturbances in muscular control : ______

A

Apraxia of Speech

Dysarthria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dysarthria can be either acquired or developmental/congenital. T or F?

A

True

17
Q

How can dysarthria be acquired?

A

Damage to a previously intact nervous system

e.g., strokes, degenerative disease, brain tumor, or TBI

18
Q

How can dysarthria be congenital?

A

it can result from abnormal development of the nervous system

(e.g., cerbebral palsy)

19
Q

A disorder that affects salient movement characteristics such as speech and physical movements

A

Dysarthria

20
Q

How can dysarthrias be sub-categorized?

A

by patterns of deviant speech characteristics

21
Q

Types of Dysarthria

A 
Flaccid
Spastic 
Hypokinetic 
Hyperkinetic 
Ataxic
Mixed
Unilateral Upper Motor Neuron
22
Q

Flaccid

A

Lesion Locus: LMN

Deficit: Weakness

23
Q

Spastic:

A

Lesion Locus: UMN

Deficit: Spasticity

24
Q

Ataxic

A

Lesion Locus: Cerebellum

Deficit: Incoordination

25
Q

Hypokinetic

A

Lesion Locus: Basal Ganglia Control Circuit

Deficit: rigidity, reduced range of movement

26
Q

Hyperkinetic

A

Lesion Locus: Basal Ganglia control circuit

Deficit: involuntary movements

27
Q

Unilateral upper motor neuron

A

Lesion Locus: UMN (unilateral)

Deficit: Weakness, incoordination, spasticity

28
Q

Mixed

A

Lesion Locus: 2 or more from others

Deficit: 2 or more from others

29
Q

MSDs are not…

A
  • Cognitive-linguistic impairments
  • Other neurologic speech disorders
  • Sensory deficits
  • Musculoskeletal defects
  • Non-neurologica/non-psychogenic voice disorders
  • Psychogenic and related non-organic speech disorders
30
Q

MSDs account for _____ of communication disorders (according to Mayo clinic)

A

60%

31
Q

How are MSDs identified?

A

Medical referral
Screening
Comp. motor speech eval
Diagnosis/Differential Diagnosis

32
Q

What are the 2 methods of observation/measurements?

A

Perceptual and Instrumental methods

33
Q

Instrumental Methods

A

Acoustic

Physiologic (aero dynamic and kinematic)

34
Q

DAB approach

A

Auditory perceptual analysis of 30 sec speech samply of oral reading or conversational speech ; 38 speech characteristics rated on 7 pt scale

35
Q

Acoustics

A

analysis of the acoustic energy of a speech sample

36
Q

Aerodynamics

A

study of airflow and pressure generated during speech (including nasal pressure)

*vital capacity and subglottal pressure

37
Q

Kinematics

A

Analysis of the movements of the muscle activation patterns

CD 660: Test 1 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions