What Are Microbes Mase Of? Flashcards
Chemical Bond
When atoms share or transfer electrons with other atoms
Non-polar Covalent Bonds
Electrons are shared equally between atoms
Polar Covalent bonds
Electrons are shared UNEQUALLY between atoms
Carbon chains
A string of carbons bonded to other carbons and hydrogen
Ionic Bonds
Formed from the attraction of opposite charges
Ions
Atoms or groups of atoms with full positive or full negative charge
Hydrogen bonds
A weak ionic bond between hydrogen and an atom with a slight negative charge
Atom
Smallest chemical unit of matter
Polysaccharide function
Energy source (carbohydrates)
-found out in the environmentEnzymes
Do almost all the work in a cell
Catalyze reactions
Synthesize and assemble the cell parts
Microorganisms use enzymes to speed up (catalyze) reactions
Macromolecules
Building blocks of cells
- polysaccharides
- nucleic acids
- proteins
- phospholipids
Polysaccharide function
Energy source (carbohydrates) -found out in the environment
Structural component
- cell walls
- capsules
Information
-sugar pattern on cell surface can identify microorganisms
They can be found on the cell’s surface and cell wall
Capsule
Extracellular polysaccharide coat
Helps in attaching to host and prevent from drying out
Amino acids
Microorganisms only use 20 amino acids
Amino acids carry information in their R groups
Basic (positive charge)
Acidic (negative charge)
Hydrophobic (avoid water)
Peptide Bonds
Very strong
A linear series of amino acids that forms a protein
