Whap key terms 3 Flashcards
Indulgences
A piece of paper sold by the Catholic Church that Christians could purchase to reduce time in purgatory — the place where Catholics believed they would go after death
Jesuits
An order of Roman Catholic priests who aimed to support the Church and counter the growth of the Protestant Reformation through involved missionary work
Sultan
Term describing the Sunni Muslim leader of the Ottoman Empire
Shah
Term describing the Shi’a Muslim leader of the Safavid Empire; borrowed from the
original Persian empire that existed two millennia prior in the same area
Mughal Empire
A religiously tolerant Islamic empire that ruled over the Indian subcontinent, which had a majority Hindu population
Manchus
A group of people living in Northern China who took control of the Chinese government following the fall of the Ming dynasty; were considered foreigners within China before their rise to power and were not allowed to intermarry with the Chinese during the Qing
dynasty’s rule
Qing dynasty
The last imperial dynasty of China that conquered the previous Ming empire and
was ruled by the Manchu people
Safavid Empire
A Shi’a Muslim empire and one of the Gunpoder Empires that conquered the
Persian region and oversaw the Golden Era of modern-day Iran; used its strong military to partake in religious and political conflicts with foreign powers, the largest of which was the Ottoman
Empire
Ottoman Empire
A mostly religiously tolerant Sunni Muslim empire and one of the Gunpowder Empires that conquered the Christian Byzantine Empire; used the Janissaries, an elite military class composed mainly of Forced Christian converts from the Devshirme system, to
bolster its military strength
Devshirme
A system utilized by the Ottoman Empire in which conquered Christians were
required to give up twenty percent of their children to the government, who would them be converted to Islam and either served as slaves or trained for government and military service
Gunpowder empire
A term used to describe the Mughal Empire, the Safavid Empire, and the Ottoman Empire due to their monopolization of the manufacture of guns and artillery in their areas
Protestant Reformation
A theological movement based on critiques to Church practices and challenges to the Pope’s authority; facilitated the translation of Bibles from Latin to local languages and reduced the influence of the Catholic Church over many Christians’ religious lives
Martin Luther
A German Christian monk who publicly outlined his frustrations with current Church practice, one of which was the sale of indulgences, through his 95 Theses; led the
Protestant Reformation
King Henry VIII
King of England who renounced the Roman Catholic Church because the
Pope did not annul his marriage, thereby declaring himself head of religious affairs in England and creating the Anglican Church
Counter-Reformation
Reformations made by the Catholic Church that included setting stricter standards for piety among priests, educating Church officials more, and restricting heretics.
