Were the peace treaties of 1919-1923 fair? Flashcards
Who was Georges Clemenceau?
He was the Prime Minister of France
What did Clemenceau want from the TOV?
He wanted to punish Germany harshly and weaken Germany economically and militarily to ensure Frances security and safety in the future.
Who was David Lloyd George?
Prime Minister of Great Britain
What did Lloyd George want from the TOV?
He wanted a moderate peace treaty to punish Germany, but one that was in Britain’s interest. A reparations bill too high for Germany could affect Britain’s and France’s economic recovery, as money from the German economy was needed.
Who was Woodrow Wilson?
President of the US
What did Wilson want from the TOV?
Wilson wanted world peace. He believed it was possible if all nations in Europe worked together. He also put forward his 14 points to prevent another war, 1 of them being the formation of the LON.
What were the terms of the TOV?
- Limited to 100,000 soldiers
- Exclusion from the arms trade
- Loss of air force
- Limited to 6 battleships
- Limitations in type and quantity of weapons
- Restricted from production of armoured tanks and cars
What was Hyperinflation?
Hyperinflation was an attempt from Germany to recover economically by printing paper money (German Marks) and inflating prices. But as there was nothing to back the money up ( e.g coal, gold, iron), the money was useless and was scrapped.
What happened in the Ruhr Crisis?
In January 1923, France and Belgium invaded the Ruhr, as they were both awaiting payments that were long overdue. The Weimar Government called for passive resistance. Germany now had little means of income as the Ruhr was rich with coal.
State the terms of the Treaty of Saint-Germain with Austria.
- Austria was forbidden to join with Germany
- Conscription was abolished
- Limited to 30,000 soldiers
- No reparations as Austria was bankrupt from the war.
State the terms of the Treaty of Trianon with Hungary.
- Limited to 35,000 soldiers
- No navy
- Hungary paid little reparations as it was close to bankruptcy.
- National insult
State the terms of the Treaty of Neuilly with Bulgaria.
- Cut off from the Aegean sea.
- Limited to 20,000 soldiers
- Lost it’s air force
- £100 million in reparations
State the terms of the Treaty of Sevres with Turkey
- Ottoman territory given to all Allies
- Limited to 50,700 soldiers
- Lost its air force
- Allies have full control over Ottoman finances
State the terms of the negotiated Treaty of Lausanne with Turkey
- No reparations to be paid
- No military restrictions
- Boundaries of Greece, Bulgaria and Turkey settled
- Gave up claims to Iraq/Syria
Why did Wilson not get everything he wanted from the various treaties?
Military restrictions placed on all countries were never accepted by Britain and France.
National self determination was not followed by Britain and France.
The US did not vote to join the LON.
