Welsh Powerpoint Review Questions Flashcards
A client with diabetes asks the nurse why it is necessary to maintain blood glucose levels no lower than about 60 mg/dL. Which is the nurse’s best response?
A. “Glucose is the only fuel used by the body to produce the energy that it needs.”
B. “Your brain needs a constant supply of glucose because it cannot store it.”
C. “Without a minimum level of glucose, your body does not make red blood cells.”
D. “Glucose in the blood prevents the formation of lactic acid and prevents acidosis
B. “Your brain needs a constant supply of glucose because we cannot store it.”
A client with untreated diabetes mellitus has polyuria, is lethargic, and has a blood glucose of 560 mg/dL. The nurse correlates the polyuria with which finding?
A. Serum sodium, 163 mEq/L
B. Serum creatinine, 1.6 mg/dL
C. Presence of urine ketone bodies
D. Serum osmolarity, 375 mOsm/kg
D. Serum osmolarity, 375 mOsm/kg
A client with diabetes has a serum creatinine of 1.9 mg/dL. The nurse correlates which urinalysis finding with this client?
A. Ketone bodies in the urine during acidosis
B. Glucose in the urine during hyperglycemia
C. Protein in the urine during a random urinalysis
D. White blood cells in the urine during a random urinalysis
C. Protein in the urine during a random urinalysis
During assessment of a client with a 15-year history of diabetes, the nurse notes that the client has decreased tactile sensation in both feet. Which action does the nurse take first?
A. Document the finding in the client’s chart.
B. Test sensory perception in the client’s hands.
C. Examine the client’s feet for signs of injury.
D. Notify the health care provider.
C. Examine the client’s feet for signs of injury.
A client has newly diagnosed diabetes. To delay the onset of microvascular and macrovascular complications in this client, the nurse stresses that the client take which action?
A. Control hyperglycemia.
B. Prevent hypoglycemia.
C. Restrict fluid intake.
D. Prevent ketosis.
A. Control hyperglycemia.
The nurse administers 6 units of regular insulin and 10 units NPH insulin at 7 AM. At what time does the nurse assess the client for problems related to the NPH insulin?
A. 8 AM
B. 4 PM
C. 8 PM
D. 11 PM
B. 4 PM
A client is being treated for hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar state (HHS). Which clinical manifestation indicates to the nurse that the therapy needs to be adjusted?
A. Serum potassium level has increased from 2.8 to 3.2 mEq/L.
B. Blood osmolarity has decreased from 350 to 330 mOsm.
C. Score on the Glasgow Coma Scale is unchanged from 3 hours ago.
D. Urine has remained negative for ketone bodies for the past 3 hours.
C. Score on the Glasgow Coma Scale is unchanged from 3 hours ago.
Three hours after surgery, the nurse notes that the breath of the client with type 1 diabetes has a “fruity” odor. Which is the nurse’s best first action?
A. Document the finding in the client’s chart.
B. Increase the IV fluid flow rate.
C. Test the serum for ketone bodies.
D. Perform pulmonary hygiene.
C. Test the serum for ketone bodies.
A client has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for further teaching regarding nutrition therapy?
A. “I should be sure to eat moderate to high amounts of fiber.”
B. “Saturated fats should make up no more than 7% of my total calorie intake.”
C. “I should try to keep my diet free from carbohydrates.”
D. “My intake of plain water each day is not restricted.”
C. “I should try to keep my diet free from carbohydrates.”
