Weimar - key topic 4 Flashcards
What is the Nazis’ ideal woman?
- Natural appearance with traditional clothes. 2. Fair haired and blue eyed. 3. Sturdily built to marry and have lots of children and stay home. 4. To be a non drinker / non smoker.
What were some Nazis policies towards women? (4)
- Married women should not work - successful 1933-36 numbers of working married women fell. 2. Women should get married - successful or was it due to a stronger economy? 3. Women should have at least 4 children - successful as birth rate increase. 4. German Women’s Enterprise gave women awards for having children - successful as there were 6 million members.
How did the Nazis want children to be brought up? (4)
- Loyal supporters of the Nazis. 2. Proud Germans. 3. Girls should be strong and healthy in order to be fertile mothers. 4. Boys should be strong to fight in the German forces.
What was the Hitler Youth?
Its aim was to prepare German boys to be future soldiers. Boys wore military-style uniforms. Activities centred on physical exercise and rifle practice; as well as political indoctrination.
What was the League of German Maidens?
It was part of the Hitler Youth but its aim was the prepare German girls for future motherhood. Girls wore a blue skirt; white blouse and heavy marching shoes. Girls undertook physical exercise, but activities mainly centred on developing domestic skills such as sewing and cooking.
What were some activities mainly for boys?
- Shooting. 2. Military drills and camps. 3. Helping the fire brigade during the war. 4. Formed military brigade to defend Berlin in 1945.
What were some activities mainly for girls?
- Cookery. 2. Housework. 3. Needlework and craft. 4. Learning about what to look for in a husband. 5. Learning about babies and childcare.
How did the Nazis control education through schools?
- Children had to attend school until 14 2. There were different schools and curriculums for girls and boys. 3. Optional schools after 14 include: Adolf Hitler Schools.
How did the Nazis control education through the teachers?
- Teachers had to be Nazi party members and those who weren’t were dismissed. 2. Teachers were forced to attend courses to learn about Nazi ideas and then tech these!
How did the Nazis control education through the subjects?
- 15% of their time was spent on PE. 2. Girls were taught domestic skills while boys were taught science and military skills. 3. New subjects include: Race Studies and Nazi Eugenics.
What was the National Labour Service and how did it reduce unemployment?
From July 1935; it was compulsory for me 18-25 to serve 6 months. They worked on public works e.g. draining marshes. Somewhat successful: pay was low; hours were long and the work was boring.
How did the Nazis reduce unemployment through job creation schemes?
- 7000km of autobahns (motorways) were built. 2. Public buildings. 3. Sports facilities e.g. 1936 Berlin Olympics.
How did the Nazis reduce unemployment through rearmament?
They provided many jobs for making ammunition (even though this went against the ToV).
What were some examples of invisible unemployment?
- Jews being forced out of their jobs. 2. Women being dismissed or leaving their jobs. 3. Opponents who were sent to concentration camps.
What was the German Labour Front?
Nazi organisation that replaced trade unions. Didn’t allow employers to strike or bargain wages. Workers couldn’t leave their jobs without permission. It had several schemes.
What was Strength through Joy?
Provided workers with leisure activities such as theatre tickets and sports events, 10 million went on these holidays. Reward for hard work.
What was Beauty of Labour?
Scheme aimed to improve working conditions by building canteens and swimming pools. Unpopular as the workers had to construct these in their own time.
What was one of Strength through Joy’s schemes?
People paid 5 marks a week towards buying a Volkswagen but no one actually got one. The money went to rearmament.
What was the Nazi racial hierarchy?
- Aryans. 2. Other white western Europeans. 3. Eastern Europeans. 4. Black people and gypsies. 5. Jews.
What word meant inferior people or sub humans and who did it mean?
Untermenschen - usually used for Slavs; gypsies; black people and Jews.
What laws banned Aryans from marrying gypsies; black people or Jews?
1935 - Nuremberg Laws.
Who were persecuted the least?
The Slavs
Who were some other undesirables?
- Homosexuals were put in concentration camps or they were experimented on. 2. Deaf; blind; epileptic; deformed and mentally disabled people. 3. Mentally and physically babies were killed. 4. Vagrants were put in concentration camps.
What were some reasons why Jews were persecuted?
- Associated with communism (Karl Marx). 2. Many Jews were professionals or owned businesses. 3. Suspicious of a different religion. 4. Blamed for defeat in WW1 and ToV.
What were some reasons why non Jews let the persecution occur?
- Influenced from Nazi propaganda. 2. Long standing distrust across Europe. 3. Fear of Gestapo or SS if they did speak out.
What happened with the Jews in 1933?
SA organised a one-day boycott of Jewish shops and painted a yellow star on doors.
What happened with the Jews in 1937?
Jewish businesses were taken over by Aryans.
What happened in November 1938 with the Jews?
Kristallnacht - Jewish shops; homes and synagogues were set on fire or vandalised. This was due to a Polish Jew shooting a German in the german embassy in Paris. Jews were fined over 1 billion marks.
What were the Nuremburg Laws?
1935 - new set of laws to persecute Jews. 1. Only those of German blood can be citizens. 2. Jews cannot vote or work. 3. Jews must wear a yellow star. 4. No Jew must marry a German citizen.
