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History > Weimar Constitution - Chapter 3 - Changing fortunes of the Nazi Party > Flashcards

Weimar Constitution - Chapter 3 - Changing fortunes of the Nazi Party Flashcards

1
Q

When did Hitler found Nazi Party again?

A

1925

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2
Q

Growth of seats in reichtag over 8 years?

A

1924 - 32 seats in May
1932 - 230 seats in July

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3
Q

What percentage the vote did Nazis win in 1932?

A

37 percent in presidential elections

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4
Q

Problems within Nazi Party during Hitler’s time in prison?

A

Disagreements over tactics of gaining power, some opposed to the policy of legality
Disagreements between different regions
Differences between nationalist and anti-capitalist elements in party

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5
Q

1526 struggle of party aims?

A

Between Hitler (nationalist) and Strasser (socialist) during conference in Bamberg
Triumph for Hitler - Fuhrerprinzip principle upheld

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6
Q

How was structure of party improved?

A

Reorganisation - foundations laid for future growth despite election failures

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7
Q

What was the establishment of gauleiters?

A

Leaders of a regional area, Nazi Party reorganised into 35 regions

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8
Q

How did Gauleiters enforce leaders in power?

A

Enforced Hitler as apex and Goebbels rose to power - Gauleiter in Berlin

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9
Q

What newspaper was created by Goebbels?

A

Der Angriff n- enforced propaganda

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10
Q

What party affiliated organisations did Hitler establish after prison?

A

Hitler Youth, Union of Nazi Lawyers, Nazi Teachers’ Association

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11
Q

How did the party expand its publicity operation?

A

Door to door campaigns and leafleting

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12
Q

How did direct mailing benefit Nazi Party?

A

600,000 copies of Immediate Economic Programme distributed at the time of 1932 summer reichtag election

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13
Q

How many Nazi Members from 1925-1929?

A

27,000 to 150,000

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14
Q

What did the nazi training programme for speakers enforce?

A

further nazi recruitment, spread propaganda
By 1933 - 6000 passed through this school

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15
Q

How did Nazi switch up on groups of people they wanted to gain support from?

A

Attempted to win votes from workers (ineffective due to traditional SPD support) so they concentrated on those who had lost out from war and inflation

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16
Q

What is Mittelstand?

A

lower middle class - shopkeepers, clerks, increased pressure due to industrialisation

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17
Q

When was SS created and how many members?

A

1925 - 200 members in 1929

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18
Q

How did SS develop?

A

Personal bodyguard for Hitler. SS developed own identity when placed under Himmler’s control.

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19
Q

How did Nazi Party strategise in 1920’s?

A

Resolve divisions, Fuhrenprinzip, Influence of Strasser, Legality of achieving power

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20
Q

How did Nazi Party structures in 1920’s?

A

Gauleteirs, Organisations affiliated with party, Propaganda, Membership

21
Q

Membership by 1928?

A

Quadrupled and Hitler’s position secure, party absorbing other right wing, racist groups within its ranks

22
Q

What happened in 1928 reichtag election?

A

Worst performance in their election history, 12 seats, signs of breakthrough in rural lower class areas following agricultural depression.

23
Q

Developments in 1929

A

suggested that during economic hardship Nazi Party does well

24
Q

What did 1929 anti-Young Plan campaign do for Nazi Party?

A

Alliance with Hugenburg’s nationalist party - access to media empire, mass circulation of papers, bring in more funds

24
What did the great depression do for nazi party?
Electoral breakthrough, 12 to 107 seats in 1930.
25
How did Nazi offer to tackle unemployment?
Public work schemes
26
Fear of communism influence Nazi Party?
Fear after Russian revolution, communism led to violence, middle class turned to Nazis
27
When did the Nazis become the largest political party in Germany?
July 1932
28
How was the change in 1932 helped by other parties?
Decline in support for other right wing parties like DVP and DDP
29
What traits did Hitler display that was key to Nazi Party success?
Charismatic leadership, messianic vision, powerful orator, convinced many people of German's former greatness, valuable during time of economic despair
30
What factor did Hitler become?
Unifying factor for all classes of society suffering from Depression
31
What arguments are against Hitler's powerful impact visiting, etc?
Just as well in 1930 in areas hitler did not visit Neidenburg - percentage of support rose to 25% in 1931 despite no rallies
32
When was SA formed and what did it do?
1920 - designed to protect Nazi speakers
33
Membership of SA?
By 1933 - half a million members Members provided with brownshirts, swastika on arm
34
What attracted people to the SA?
Young men in search of adventure Unemployment encouraged people Uniform, meals and accommodation appealing
35
What did SA do?
Distributing propoganda leaflets, protecting Nazi meetings, fighting communists on the street
36
What kind of atmosphere provided by propaganda?
Appeal to public emotion, drawn in by 'mass suggestion.' Created by uniforms, torches, flags and music
36
How did Burning handle the SA?
Banned for ab short time in 1932, lifted by Papen to appease nazis
36
How did SA members become violence martyrs?
July 1932 - 100 SA members killed in street fights - martyrs for cause
36
What did propaganda say to industrialists and the Mittelstand?
Mittelstand - Marxism to blame for their situation Industrialists - Nazis would not embark on mass nationalisation programme
37
Messages in propaganda that appealed to social/economic interests
Farmers told tax was crippling them, nazis offered them benefits Unemployed offered bread and work
38
How did Nazis use planes?
Hitler's use of planes in 1932 "Flight over Germany" campaign - 4/5 major speeches per day
39
What ideologies did the Nazis exploit?
Discontent from WW1, treaty German nationalism Cult of Fuhrer Volksgemeinschaft
40
Nazi scapegoats used?
Jewish - accused of making fortunes while others suffered Communists - worried middle class November Criminals - helped create weak government
41
Contradicting statement that Nazi success was due to propaganda?
Noakes - propaganda overcredited, nazis did well where there were no rallies Propaganda only reinforced existing views
42
What did Nazis offer economically between 1930-1933?
Third way between state planning Marxism and free market capitalism
43
How did Germany try and promote sufficiency?
Autarky policy Economy would serve the needs of the state
44
How did Nazis appeal to farmers economically?
Would be supported with controls on prices and imports, unused land reseized
44
Could antisemitism have played a role in Nazi Party incline?
Little bit, could have attracted some to rallies, Goldhagen stresses anti semitism didn't play a part in electoral success

History (7 decks)

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