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Weight Loss Flashcards

1
Q

> 5% loss of usual body weight in the last 6–12 months

A

Unintentional weight loss

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2
Q

weight loss from loss of muscle mass (with or without fat loss)

A

Cachexia

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3
Q

is a geriatric syndrome of diminished muscle mass and function, which may or may not be accompanied by unintentional weight loss

A

Sarcopenia

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4
Q

Malignancy

(eg, gastrointestinal, lung, lymphoma, renal, and prostate cancers)

A

Major cause of unintentional weight loss

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5
Q

Nonmalignant gastrointestinal diseases

(eg, peptic ulcer disease, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease)

A

Major cause of unintentional weight loss

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6
Q

Psychiatric disorders (particularly depression)

also eating disorders, food-related delusional manifestations of other psychiatric disorders

A

Major cause of unintentional weight loss

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7
Q

Endocrinopathies

(eg, hyperthyroidism, diabetes, adrenal insufficiency)

A

Major cause of unintentional weight loss

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8
Q

Infectious diseases

(eg, HIV, viral hepatitis, tuberculosis, chronic fungal or bacterial disease, chronic helminth infection)

A

Major cause of unintentional weight loss

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9
Q

Advanced chronic disease

(eg, cardiac cachexia from heart failure, pulmonary cachexia, renal failure)

A

Major cause of unintentional weight loss

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10
Q

Neurologic diseases

(eg, stroke, dementia, Parkinson disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)

A

Major cause of unintentional weight loss

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11
Q

Medications/substances

A

Major cause of unintentional weight loss

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12
Q

Rheumatologic diseases

(eg, severe rheumatoid arthritis, giant cell vasculitis)

A

Major cause of unintentional weight loss

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13
Q

Chronic vigorous exercise

(eg, distance running, ballet dancing, gymnastics)

A

Major cause of unintentional weight loss

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14
Q

peptic ulcer disease

A

Nonmalignant gastrointestinal disease cause weight loss

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15
Q

celiac disease

A

Nonmalignant gastrointestinal disease cause weight loss

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16
Q

inflammatory bowel disease

A

Nonmalignant gastrointestinal disease cause weight loss

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17
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

Endocrinopathy cause weight loss

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18
Q

diabetes

A

Endocrinopathy cause weight loss

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19
Q

adrenal insufficiency

A

Endocrinopathy cause weight loss

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20
Q

HIV

A

Infectious disease cause weight loss

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21
Q

viral hepatitis

A

Infectious disease cause weight loss

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22
Q

tuberculosis

A

Infectious disease cause weight loss

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23
Q

chronic fungal or bacterial disease

A

Infectious disease cause weight loss

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24
Q

chronic helminth infection

A

Infectious disease cause weight loss

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25
Q

cardiac cachexia from heart failure

A

Advanced chronic disease cause weight loss

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26
Q

pulmonary cachexia

A

Advanced chronic disease cause weight loss

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27
Q

renal failure

A

Advanced chronic disease cause weight loss

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28
Q

stroke

A

Neurologic disease causes weight loss

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29
Q

dementia

A

Neurologic disease causes weight loss

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30
Q

Parkinson disease

A

Neurologic disease causes weight loss

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31
Q

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

A

Neurologic disease causes weight loss

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32
Q

severe rheumatoid arthritis

A

Rheumatologic disease causes weight loss

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33
Q

giant cell vasculitis

A

Rheumatologic disease causes weight loss

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34
Q

distance running

A

Chronic vigorous exercise causes weight loss

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35
Q

ballet dancing

A

Chronic vigorous exercise causes weight loss

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36
Q

gymnastics

A

Chronic vigorous exercise causes weight loss

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37
Q

Medications

(eg, digoxin, theophylline, SSRIs, antibiotics)

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

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38
Q

Emotional

(eg, depression, anxiety)

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

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39
Q

Alcoholism, older adult abuse

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

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40
Q

Late-life paranoia or bereavement

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

41
Q

Swallowing problems

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

42
Q

Oral factors

(tooth loss, xerostomia)

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

43
Q

Nosocomial infections

(eg, tuberculosis, pneumonia)

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

44
Q

Wandering and other dementia-related factors

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

45
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

46
Q

hypercalcemia

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

47
Q

hypoadrenalism

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

48
Q

Enteral problems

(eg, esophageal stricture, gluten enteropathy)

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

49
Q

Eating problems

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

50
Q

Low salt, low cholesterol, and other therapeutic diets

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

51
Q

Social isolation

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

52
Q

stones (chronic cholecystitis)

A

Cause of weight loss in older adults

53
Q

digoxin

A

Medications Cause weight loss in older adults

54
Q

theophylline

A

Medications Cause weight loss in older adults

55
Q

SSRIs

A

Medications Cause weight loss in older adults

56
Q

antibiotics

A

Medications Cause weight loss in older adults

57
Q

xerostomia

A

Oral factor Cause weight loss in older adults

58
Q

esophageal stricture

A

External problem Cause weight loss in older adults

59
Q

gluten enteropathy

A

Enteral problem Cause weight loss in older adults

60
Q

Dementia

A

Cause of unintentional weight loss in elderly people

61
Q

Depression

A

Cause of unintentional weight loss in elderly people

62
Q

Disease (acute and chronic)

A

Cause of unintentional weight loss in elderly people

63
Q

Dysphagia

A

Cause of unintentional weight loss in elderly people

64
Q

Dysgeusia

A

Cause of unintentional weight loss in elderly people

65
Q

Diarrhoea

A

Cause of unintentional weight loss in elderly people

66
Q

Drugs

A

Cause of unintentional weight loss in elderly people

67
Q

Dentition

A

Cause of unintentional weight loss in elderly people

68
Q

Dysfunction (functional disability)

A

Cause of unintentional weight loss in elderly people

69
Q

Fatigue + unintentional weight loss
(8)

A

Adrenal insufficiency, cancer, chronic kidney disease, depression, infections, giant cell arteritis, nephrotic syndrome, sarcoidosis

70
Q

Adrenal insufficiency

A

Fatigue + unintentional weight loss

71
Q

cancer

A

Fatigue/ Fever, night sweats/ Lymphadenopathy + unintentional weight loss

72
Q

chronic kidney disease

A

Fatigue + unintentional weight loss

73
Q

depression

A

Fatigue + unintentional weight loss

74
Q

infections

A

Fatigue/ Fever, night sweats/ Lymphadenopathy + unintentional weight loss

75
Q

giant cell arteritis

A

Fatigue/ Fever, night sweats + unintentional weight loss

76
Q

nephrotic syndrome

A

Fatigue + unintentional weight loss

77
Q

sarcoidosis

A

Fatigue / Lymphadenopathy/ Cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis + unintentional weight loss

78
Q

Fever, night sweats + unintentional weight loss
(3)

A

Cancer, infections, giant cell arteritis

79
Q

Lymphadenopathy + unintentional weight loss
(3)

A

Infections, cancer, sarcoidosis

80
Q

Cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis + unintentional weight loss
(5)

A

Lung cancer, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, fungal pneumonias, HIV/AIDS

81
Q

Lung cancer

A

Cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis + unintentional weight loss

82
Q

tuberculosis

A

Cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis + unintentional weight loss

83
Q

fungal pneumonias

A

Cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis + unintentional weight loss

84
Q

HIV/AIDS

A

Cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis + unintentional weight loss

85
Q

Hematuria + unintentional weight loss
(2)

A

Renal or prostate cancer

86
Q

Renal cancer

A

Hematuria + unintentional weight loss

87
Q

prostate cancer

A

Hematuria + unintentional weight loss

88
Q

Heat intolerance, tremor, anxiety, sweating + unintentional weight loss

A

Hyperthyroidism

89
Q

Polydipsia, polyuria + unintentional weight loss

A

Diabetes

90
Q

Bone pain (eg, unrelated to activity, prominent at night)
+ unintentional weight loss

A

Cancer (eg, multiple myeloma, bone metastases from breast, prostate, or lung cancer)

91
Q

Ascites + unintentional weight loss
(3)

A

Alcoholism, nephrotic syndrome, cancer (eg, ovarian, gastrointestinal)

92
Q

Edema + unintentional weight loss
(2)

A

Chronic kidney disease, nephrotic syndrome

93
Q

Fever + unintentional weight loss
(3)

A

Cancer, infections, inflammatory disorders

94
Q

inflammatory disorders

A

Fever + unintentional weight loss

95
Q

Chronic kidney disease

A

Edema + unintentional weight loss

96
Q

nephrotic syndrome

A

Edema/ Ascites + unintentional weight loss

97
Q

Alcoholism

A

Ascites + unintentional weight loss

98
Q

cancer

(eg, ovarian, gastrointestinal)

A

Ascites + unintentional weight loss

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