Inflammatory BOWEL Disease Flashcards
chronic inflammation of the bowel which relapse and remit over years
Inflammatory BOWEL Disease (IBD)
characterized by episodes of inflammation limited to the mucosal layer of the colon
Ulcerative colitis
almost invariably involves the rectum, and the extent often involves more proximal portions of the colon in a continuous fashion
Ulcerative colitis
characterized by transmural inflammation and by skip areas of involvement
Crohn disease
may lead to fibrosis and strictures. In any part of the digestive tract.
Crohn disease
Genetic factors
Etiology / Risk factors of IBD
Environmental factors
Etiology / Risk factors of IBD
Common in non-smokers and ex-smokers
Ulcerative colitis
Common in smokers
Crohn disease
Associated with low-residue, high-refined-sugar diet
Crohn disease
Commensal gut microbiota
Environmental factor
Both Ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease
Appendicectomy protects against
Ulcerative colitis
rectal bleeding + diarrhea (with mucus or blood)
Cardinal symptoms of Ulcerative colitis
Some pass pellety stool due to
constipation upper to the inflamed rectum
Cardinal symptoms + Tenesmus
Proctitis Ulcerative colitis
Cardinal symptoms + Abdominal cramps
Left sided Ulcerative colitis
Cardinal symptoms + Severe cramps + Anorexia + malaise + weight loss + systemic toxicity features
Extensive Ulcerative colitis
Cardinal symptoms + fever, tachycardia, anemia, elevated ESR
Systemic toxicity features
Life Threatening Disease
…… attack is the most severe
First
What may provoke relapse in Ulcerative colitis (5)
stress, recurrent infections, gastroenteritis, antibiotics or NSAIDs
diarrhea + abdominal pain + weight loss
Cardinal symptoms of Crohn disease
Diarrhea in Crohn disease usually ……
watery + no blood or mucus
Weight loss in Crohn disease is due to …..
eating provokes pain / malabsorption
features of fat, protein, or vitamin deficiency
malabsorption
Acute/subacute intestinal obstruction
ileal crohn’s disease
presents like ulcerative colitis but rectal sparing & perianal disease presence
Crohn’s colitis
rectal bleeding + diarrhea (with mucus or blood) but rectal sparing & perianal disease presence
Crohn’s colitis
Many patients present with both small intestine & colonic disease.
Clinical features of CD
A few present with isolated perianal disease, vomiting from jejunal strictures, or severe oral ulcerations
Clinical features of CD
