Weight and Balance, Loading

Question 1

3.1 Review all the questions pertaining to the Weight and Balance Report covered in Documents and Airworthiness (page 16).

Question 2

3.2 Where do you find the standard weights of people?

Answer 2

The standardweishtsarefound in the TC AIM RAC 3.5.
Male: Female: child: Infant:
Summer 200lbs 155lbs 75lbs 30lbs
Winter 206lbs 171lbs 75lbs 30lbs

Question 3

3.3 Where do you find the weights of fuel and oil under various temperature conditions?

Question 4

3.4 What does useful load refer to?

Question 5

3.5 What is the payload?

Question 6

3.6 What is the capacity of the baggage compartment for the test aircraft?

Answer 6

Maximum Weight in Baggage Compartment:
Baggage Area 1 (or passenger on child’s seat) – Station 50 to 76: 120 lbs.

Baggage Area 2 – Station 76 to 94: 40 lbs.

NOTE
The maximum combined weight capacity for baggage areas 1 and 2 is 120
lbs.

Question 7

3.7 What is the maximum permissible gross weight of the test aircraft for takeoff and landing?

Answer 7

Maximum Takeoff Weight: 1670 lbs.
Maximum Landing Weight: 1670 lbs.

Question 8

3.8 What is the datum line?

Question 9

3.9 How do you determine the moment?

Question 10

3.10 What does centre of gravity mean to you?

Question 11

3.11 How do you calculate the centre of gravity?

Question 12

3.12 What is the centre of gravity range for the test aircraft?

Answer 12

Center of Gravity Range:
Forward: 31.0 inches aft of datum at 1350 lbs. or less, with straight line variation to 32.65 inches
aft of datum at 1670 lbs.
Aft: 36.5 inches aft of datum at all weights.
Reference Datum: Front face of firewall.

Question 13

3.13 Where is the centre of gravity normally located on the test aircraft at the basic empty weight?

Question 14

3.14 Prepare a complete weight and balance for the test aircraft, one for each takeoff and landing.

Question 15

3.15 Determine the position of the centre of gravity for each takeoff and landing based on the
previous question.

Question 16

3.16 Is the centre of gravity within limits for each takeoff and landing?

Question 17

3.17 Is the centre of gravity within limits for spins?

Question 18

3.18 In which direction will the centre of gravity move as fuel is consumed?

Question 19

3.19 Can you change the position of the centre of gravity by shifting your body weight?

Question 20

3.20 What measures can you take if the centre of gravity is found to be outside limits?

Question 21

3.21 How will an excessive aft centre of gravity affect the aircraft?

Answer 21

An excessive rearward (aft) centre of gravity leads to:

a. less than usual back pressure on takeoff and landing.
b. increased risk of tail strike on takeoff and landing.
c. dangerous stall and spin characteristics (recovery may even be impossible because the pilot is running out of elevator control).

Question 22

3.22 How will an excessive forward centre of gravity affect the aircraft?

Answer 22

An excessive forward centre of gravity would require:

a. more than usual back pressure on takeoff and landing.
b. increased risk of wheelbarrowing or even propeller strike on takeoff and landing.

In addition, an excessive forward centre of gravity will result in a higher stall speed

Question 23

3.23 With an aft centre of gravity, will the stall speed be higher or lower than normal?

Question 24

3.24 With a forward centre of gravity, will the stall speed be higher or lower than normal?

Question 25

3.25 How is the true airspeed (TAS) affected by centre of gravity location?