2. Aeroplane Performance Flashcards
1
Q
2.1 What type of engine does your aircraft have? Describe it.
A
2
Q
2.2 What type of fuel and oil does it require?
A
3
Q
2.3 What is the minimum and maximum oil capacity?
A
4
Q
2.4 What is the total usable and unusable fuel?
A
5
Q
2.5 Describe (or draw) the fuel system of your aircraft.
A
6
Q
2.6 Does the aircraft have a fuel pump?
A
gravity force fed
7
Q
2.7 If the fuel vent became blocked, what could happen?
A
8
Q
2.8 What type of fluid does the nose oleo require?
A
9
Q
2.9 What are the recommended tire pressures?
A
10
Q
2.10 What type of flaps does your aircraft have?
A
Single slot type
11
Q
2.11 What type of ailerons does your aircraft have?
A
The Cessna 152 is equipped with differential ailerons that move through 20 degrees upwards and 15 degrees downwards.
12
Q
2.12 Is your aircraft equipped with an elevator, or a stabilator?
A
elevator
13
Q
2.13 Does the trim tab move in the same direction as the elevator, the stabilator or the anti-servo tab?
A
14
Q
2.14 How does the cockpit heater system work?
A
15
Q
2.15 Of what does the winterization kit usually found on a small aircraft consist? When should it be used?
A
16
Q
2.16 What are the minimum/maximum engine temperatures for takeoff?
A
38 c
119 c
100° – 245°F
17
Q
2.17 What are the maximum load factors for the test aircraft?
A
- Flaps Up: +4.4g, -1.76g
- Flaps Down: +3.5g
18
Q
2.18 What does “maximum crosswind component” refer to?
A
19
Q
2.19 Determine the following for the flight test aircraft:
a. voltage of the electrical system.
b. voltage of the battery.
c. ampere strength of the alternator.
d. ampere hours of the battery.
A
a. voltage of the electrical system.
28 volt
b. voltage of the battery.
24 volt
c. ampere strength of the alternator.
60 amp
d. ampere hours of the battery.
14 amp hour
20
Q
2.20 How does the ammeter work?
A
21
Q
2.21 In the event of the ammeter showing a complete deflection to the right (an excessive rate of charge) and the voltage light illuminating, how would you handle this situation in flight?
A
22
Q
2.22 If the ammeter was deflected to the left (an insufficient rate of charge) and the voltage light illuminated, how would you handle this situation in flight?
A
23
Q
2.23 How can you determine a high/low, or over-voltage, situation?
A
24
Q
2.24 In the event of a total electrical failure, how will it affect the magnetos?
A
25
2.25 Name the pitot-static instruments.
26
2.26 Which pitot-static instrument(s) utilize the pitot tube? The static port?
27
2.27 If the pitot tube gets blocked, which instrument(s) will be affected? What about a static port blockage?
28
2.28 How will the airspeed indicator react to pitot tube blockage?
29
2.29 How will the airspeed indicator react to static port blockage?
30
2.30 How will the altimeter and vertical speed indicator react to a pitot tube blockage? How will they react to a static port blockage?
31
2.31 Name the gyroscopic instruments.
32
2.32 How are they powered?
33
2.33 How do you know if the information from the gyro instruments is reliable?
34
2.34 Name the major sources of error on the heading indicator.
35
2.35 How often must you reset the heading indicator? Under what conditions can you set it?
36
2.36 Does the turn coordinator indicate the amount of bank?
37
2.37 What is the inclinometer? How does it work?
38
2.38 How do you lean the mixture for best economy cruise? For best power?
best power 1:14
best economy 1:15
39
2.39 What is the danger of running the engine too lean?
40
2.40 When you apply carburetor heat, why do you get a decrease in performance?
41
2.41 How do you determine if carburetor icing is present?
42
2.42 In flight, you notice a drop in oil pressure and a rise in oil temperature. What can you expect?
43
2.43 During the engine run-up, you discover that the oil pressure gauge is inoperative. Can you depart anyway?
44
2.44 Quote from memory the following speeds: Vx, Vy, Vs, Vso, Va, best glide.
45
2.45 In relation to the best rate of climb speed (Vy) and the best angle of climb speed (Vx), what is the normal climb speed?
46
Define Vs.
47
2.47 What is the designation for the power off stalling speed with flaps up? How is it depicted on the airspeed indicator?
48
2.48 How does weight affect the stall speed?
49
2.49 How does bank affect the stall speed?
50
2.50 What is the designation for the power off stalling speed of the aircraft with flaps (and gear if applicable) down? Is it possible to see it on the airspeed indicator?
51
2.51 Define Va.
52
2.52 What happens to Va with an increase in weight?
53
2.53 Define Vfe. Can you read it on the airspeed indicator?
54
2.54 What is the significance of the yellow arc on the airspeed indicator?
55
2.55 What does Vno stand for? How is it indicated on the airspeed indicator?
56
2.56 What is the Vno for your test aircraft?
57
2.57 Define Vne. Is it indicated on the airspeed indicator?
58
2.58 What is the Vne for your test aircraft?
59
2.59 What is the precautionary approach speed for your test aircraft?
60
2.60 What do you call the speed that provides the best lift to drag ratio?
61
2.61 Using the Takeoff Distance chart provided in the annex (page 126), calculate the total distance to clear a 50 ft obstacle given the following conditions:
a. sea level.
b. temperature +15°C.
c. dry grass runway.
d. no wind.
62
2.62 How would an increase in temperature and/or altitude affect the takeoff run?
63
2.63 Using the Cruise Performance chart provided in the annex (page 128), determine the hourly fuel consumption and the true airspeed of the aircraft given the following conditions:
a. 2,200 RPM.
b. temperature +5°C.
c. altitude 5,000 feet.
d. no wheel fairings.
64
2.64 Using the same Cruise Performance chart, determine the fuel consumption at 65% power given the following:
a. altitude 5,000 feet.
b. temperature +15°C.
65
2.65 Using the Landing Distance chart provided in the annex (page 127), calculate the landing distance required given the following conditions:
a. temperature +20°C.
b. pressure altitude 3,000 feet.
c. dry grass runway.
d. 4 kt tailwind.
66
2.66 What is the difference between a sideslip and a forward slip?
67
2.67 In a sideslip, does the airspeed indicator over-read or under-read?
68
2.68 When executing a short field landing, why do you retract the flaps during the ground roll?
69
2.69 In a climbing turn, which wing should stall first?
70
2.70 In a descending turn, which wing will stall first?
71
2.71 In a level turn, which wing should stall first?
72
2.72 Why is aileron not used to control a wing drop when a stall is imminent?
73
2.73 How do you recover from a spin?
74
2.74 Can you spin the aircraft if it is in the normal category?
75
2.75 Why is it dangerous to have the flaps down during a spin?
76
2.76 According to the POH, at what altitude must recovery from a spin be completed?
77
2.77 How do you recover from a spiral dive? What is the main difference between a spin and a spiral dive?
78
2.78 What would you do if you had an engine fire during start-up?
DURING START ON GROUND
1. Cranking – CONTINUE, to get a start which would suck the flames and accumulated fuel through
the carburetor and into the engine.
If engine starts:
2. Power – 1700 RPM for a few minutes.
3. Engine – SHUTDOWN and inspect for damage.
If engine fails to start:
1. Cranking – CONTINUE in an effort to obtain a start.
2. Fire Extinguisher – OBTAIN (have ground attendants obtain if not installed).
3. Engine – SECURE.
a. Master Switch – OFF.
b. Ignition Switch – OFF.
c. Fuel Shutoff Valve – OFF.
4. Fire – EXTINGUISH using fire extinguisher, wool blanket, or dirt.
5. Fire Damage – INSPECT, repair damage or replace damaged components or wiring before
conducting another flight.
79
2.79 What would you do if you had an engine fire during flight?
ENGINE FIRE IN FLIGHT
1. Mixture – IDLE CUT-OFF.
2. Fuel Shutoff Valve – OFF.
3. Master Switch – OFF.
4. Cabin Heat and Air – OFF (except wing root vents).
5. Airspeed – 85 KIAS (If fire is not extinguished, increase glide speed to find an airspeed which will
provide an incombustible mixture).
6. Forced Landing – EXECUTE (as described in Emergency Landing Without Engine Power).
80
2.80 What would you do in the case of an electrical fire during flight?
ELECTRICAL FIRE IN FLIGHT
1. Master Switch – OFF.
2. All Other Switches (except ignition switch) – OFF.
3. Vents/Cabin Air/Heat – CLOSED.
4. Fire Extinguisher – ACTIVATE (if available).
WARNING
After discharging an extinguisher within a closed cabin, ventilate the
cabin.
If fire appears out and electrical power is necessary for continuance of flight:
5. Master Switch – ON.
6. Circuit Breakers – CHECK for faulty circuit, do not reset.
7. Radio/Electrical Switches – ON one at a time, with delay after each until short circuit is localized.
8. Vents/Cabin Air/Heat – OPEN when it is ascertained that fire is completely extinguished.
81
2.81 What would you do if you had a cabin fire during flight?
CABIN FIRE
1. Master Switch – OFF.
2. Vents/Cabin Air/Heat – CLOSED (to avoid drafts).
3. Fire Extinguisher – ACTIVATE (if available)
WARNING
After discharging an extinguisher within a closed cabin, ventilate the
cabin.
4. Land the airplane as soon as possible to inspect for damage.
82
2.82 What would you do if you had a wing fire during flight?
WING FIRE
1. Navigation Light Switch – OFF.
2. Strobe Light Switch (if installed) – OFF.
3. Pitot Heat Switch (if installed) – OFF.
NOTE
Perform a side slip to keep the flames away from the fuel tank and cabin,
and land as soon as possible, with flaps retracted.
83
2.83 What would you do should you experience an engine failure during the takeoff roll?
ENGINE FAILURE DURING TAKEOFF RUN
1. Throttle – IDLE.
2. Brakes – APPLY.
3. Wing Flaps – RETRACT.
4. Mixture – IDLE CUT-OFF.
5. Ignition Switch – OFF.
6. Master Switch – OFF.
84
2.84 What would you do should you experience an engine failure just after takeoff?
ENGINE FAILURE IMMEDIATELY AFTER TAKEOFF
1. Airspeed – 60 KIAS.
2. Mixture – IDLE CUT-OFF.
3. Fuel Shutoff Valve – OFF.
4. Ignition Switch – OFF.
5. Wing Flaps – AS REQUIRED.
6. Master Switch – OFF.
85
2.85 What would you do if you had a total communication failure in flight?
86
2.86 What would you do if you inadvertently flew into icing conditions?
INADVERTENT ICING ENCOUNTER
1. Turn pitot heat switch ON (if installed).
2. Turn back or change altitude to obtain an outside air temperature that is less conducive to icing.
3. Pull cabin heat control full out to obtain maximum defroster air temperature. For greater air
flow at reduced temperatures, adjust the cabin air control as required.
4. Open the throttle to increase engine speed and minimize ice build-up on propeller blades.
5. Watch for signs of carburetor air filter ice and apply carburetor heat as required. An unexpected
loss in engine speed could be caused by carburetor ice or air intake filter ice. Lean the mixture
for maximum RPM, if carburetor heat is used continuously.
6. Plan a landing at the nearest airport. With an extremely rapid ice build-up, select a suitable “off
airport” landing site.
7. With an ice accumulation of 1/4 inch or more on the wing leading edges, be prepared for
significantly higher stall speed.
8. Leave wing flaps retracted. With a severe ice build-up on the horizontal tail, the change in wing
wake airflow direction caused by wing flap extension could result in a loss of elevator
effectiveness.
9. Open left window and, if practical, scrape ice from a portion of the windshield for visibility in the
landing approach.
10. Perform a landing approach using a forward slip, if necessary, for improved visibility.
11. Approach at 65 to 75 KIAS depending upon the amount of ice accumulation.
12. Perform a landing in level attitude.
