Weight and balance Flashcards
What is the datum and it’s purpose when making weight and balance computations
Imaginary vertical line or plane from which all measurements are taking both forward and aft to determine the relative location of the item in the aircraft
What item concerning weight and balance could be found on the TCDS
Center of gravity limits, datum, max weight, leveling means, seat location, baggage capacity and location, fuel capacity and location, engine horsepower, usable fuel and location, oil wait and location
What is the purpose of weight and balance control
For safety and efficiency in flight
When computing weight and balance what is the moment and how is it obtained
It is obtained by multiplying the weight of an item (pounds) by the distance of the datum (inches). it is expressed in inch pounds W x A = M
How would a negative moment be obtained forward of the datum
By adding weight
What is the “arm” of an item and how is it obtained
Arm is the distance (in inches) an item is Located either Ford or after the datum it is obtained either by actual measurement or from the aircraft weight and balance records
What is “ tar Weight” And how is it handled when making weight and balance calculations
Tare is the weight of extra equipment used for weighting the aircraft such as chocks, blocks, Jack’s and chains. Tare weight must be subtracted from the scale reading in order to obtain the empty weight of the aircraft
What is Meant by minimum fuel and how is it calculated for weight and balance
The amount of fuel needed for an extreme condition check, to see if the center of gravity will be out of limits in that situation. For a reciprocating engine airplane, the calculation is : maximum except take off horsepower divided by two (metro divided by 2)
What is meant by residual fuel
It is the fuel remaining in the tanks, Sam’s, lines and engine after fuel exhaustion. Also called on drainable or unusable. It is part of the aircraft empty weight
What is meant by the center of gravity range
It is the distance in inches from the most Forward acceptable center of gravity to the most rearward acceptable center of gravity
What is an aircraft loading graph
A method of determining load distribution so that the aircraft remains within its operating center of gravity range
How would you determine the empty weight and empty wait center of gravity of an aircraft if the weight and balance records are missing
Re-weigh the aircraft and calculate the new weight and balance records
What is the difference between fixed wing embroidering Aircraft center of gravity ranges
The center of gravity location in a helicopter is much more critical than fixed wing aircraft the center of gravity range in some helicopters will be less than 3 inches
When weighing in Aircraft to determine the empty weight center of gravity what must you do regarding the fixed equipment which is normally carried in the aircraft
All operation equipment, whether it is required, optional, or special equipment, must be included in the aircraft empty weight
Why do some manufactures specify an empty center of gravity even though The Aircraft is not operated at an empty weight
When empty weight center of gravity falls within the empty weight center of gravity range, it is unnecessary to perform a weight and balance check if standard loading and seating arrangements are used
Why must the aircraft category be considered when computing weight and balance
Some aircraft or configured in both normal and utility categories. This means a different maximum allowable gross weight depending on which category the aircraft will be operated in for that day
Where is the center of gravity located in relation to the arrow dynamics center of lift for most airplanes
In front of the center of lift
What are two common ways of representing the center of gravity of an aircraft
Inches from the datum, or percent of mean aerodynamic cord (%mac)
Is there a federal regulation that requires the regular re-weighting a private aircraft
No
Where are most a record of the most recent empty weight and center of gravity be kept
It should be maintained in the airplane flight manual or weight and balance records ( In accordance with FAR23.1583)
What should be done in regard to aircraft fuel when performing a weight and balance when draining is not an option
The exact weight per gallon should be verified with a hydrometer. Then the weight of the unusable fuel must be mathematically subtracted in the weight and balance calculation
How should aircraft you’ll be drained for the weight and balance
Level the aircraft per the TCDS and then drain the fuel system until empty, which will leave the unusable fuel in the system
What is a ballast
Balace can be lead bars, metal plates, shot bags, sandbags or other items of weight which are placed in the aircraft to attain a desired center of gravity location
If the forward center of gravity limit of an aircraft is exceeded after installing several items in the engine compartment, how could the limit be returned two limits without removing or changing any of the newly installed equipment
By adding a ballast wait in the rear of the aircraft
What are the place card requirements for ballast
The Balis location must have a Please card stating any limitations on Contents, including wait, they are necessary under the loading requirements
What is recommended for marking of permanent ballast
In red paint, marked with permanent ballast, do not remove
How should an aircraft be leveled for Wayne during a weight and balance
It should be leveled per the requirements of the aircraft specifications, or type certification data sheet
Name one common method of leveling an aircraft during weight and balance
You may use a built in leveling scale and a Plumb Bob
Describe a plumb bob and use it
It is a heavy object in the shape of a con that is used to determine a spot directly below the point the tool is hanging from
How can you determine if a part will affect the center of gravity without weighing the aircraft
Basic computations if the weight and balance records are up-to-date. If the records are up-to-date, basic weight and balance computations maybe used
