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PTA 160 > Weeks 8 & 9: Hip & Pelvis Complex > Flashcards

Weeks 8 & 9: Hip & Pelvis Complex Flashcards

1
Q

Joints

How many joints are there within the hip complex?
What are they?

A
  1. lumbo-sacral jt
  2. sacroiliac jt
  3. pubic symphysis
  4. sacro-coccygeal jt
  5. acetabulo-femoral jt
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2
Q

Acetabulo-Femoral Jt

What are the four ligaments of this jt?

Which are anterior/posterior?

A
  1. iliofemoral (ant)
  2. pubofemoral (ant)
  3. ischiofemoral (post)
  4. ligamentum teres (post)
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3
Q

Acetabulo-Femoral Jt

Where is the iliofemoral ligament attached?
What movement does it limit?

A
  1. AIIS to front of femoral head (Y shape)
  2. limits: hyperext

*strongest ligament in the body, rarely ruptures

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4
Q

Acetabulo-Femoral Jt

Where is the pubofemoral ligament attached?
What movement does it limit?

A
  1. pubic portion of acetabular rim and underneath the femoral neck
  2. limits: AB and hyperextension

*weak ligament

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5
Q

Acetabulo-Femoral Jt

Where is the ischiofemoral ligament attached?
What movement does it limit?

A
  1. from ischial portion of acetabular rim around femoral neck and attaches to the greater trochanter (just post to iliofemoral attachment)
  2. limits: hyperext
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6
Q

Acetabulo-Femoral Jt

Where is the ligamentum teres attached?
What is its function?

A
  1. connect acetabulum to femoral head
  2. conduct blood flow to femoral head*

*if ruptured, may lead to avascular necrosis (AVN) leading to a THR

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7
Q

Joints

What type of jt is the lumbo-sacral jt?
Where does it articulate?

A
  1. amphiarthrodial (cartilaginous)
  2. L5-S1
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8
Q

Joints

What type of jt is the sacroiliac jt?
Where does it articulate?

A
  1. part synovial/part fibrous
  2. articulates between sacrum and ilium

*works in closed kinematic chain w/pubic symphysis

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9
Q

Joints

What type of jt is the sacro-coccygeal jt?
Where does it articulate?

A
  1. amphiartrodial (cartilaginous)
  2. sacrum and 1st coccyx
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9
Q

Joints

What type of jt is the pubic symphysis?
Where does it articulate?

A
  1. symphysis (cartilaginous)
  2. articulates between each innominate pubis
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10
Q

Joints

What type of jt is the acetabulo-femoral jt?
Where does it articulate?
What motions does it have?

A
  1. darthrodial (synovial)
  2. articulates between convex femoral head and the acetabulum
  3. motions: hip flex/ext, ABD/ADD, IR/ER
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11
Q

ITB

What is the iliotibial band/tract?
Where does it connect?
What is its muscular component?

A
  1. band of dense fibrous tissue (fascia) along lateral leg
  2. connects iliac crest to anteriolateral aspect of tibial condyle
  3. TFL (tensor fascia latae)

*ITB Sydrome: common overuse injury in runners

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12
Q

Bursas

What are the three bursas of the hip?

A
  1. ischiogluteal
  2. iliopectineal
  3. trochanteric
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13
Q

Bursas

Where is the ischiogluteal bursa located?
What can irritate it?
What kind of pn can be caused by inflammation of the bursa?

A
  1. Lies over ischial tuberosity, covers sciatic nerve
  2. irritated by prolonged sitting
  3. radiating pn down leg (similar to sciatica)
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14
Q

Bursas

Where is the iliopectineal bursa located?
What can irritate it?
What kind of pn can be caused by inflammation of the bursa?

A
  1. deep to iliopsoas, close proximity to femoral nerve
  2. tightness in iliopsoas/squatting
  3. radiating pn down front thigh

*largest bursa in hip, also referred to as iliopsoas bursa

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15
Q

Bursas

Where is the trochanteric bursa located?
What can irritate it?
What kind of pn can be caused by inflammation of this bursa?

A
  1. between glute max and greater trochanter
  2. irritated by hip flex/IR
  3. pn in outer hip around greater trochanter

*most common site for hip bursitis

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16
Q

What is the closed pack position of the hip jt?

A

full ext and IR

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17
Q

Force Couples

What is anterior pelvic tilt?
What motions does it occur with?
Which force couple produces anterior pelvic tilt?

A
  1. ASIS lower than PSIS
  2. occurs with lumbar ext and hip flex
  3. back extensors/hip flexors
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18
Q

What are the normal end feels for the hip jt?

A

all firm EXCEPT hip flex w/knee flex, which is soft

19
Q

Force Couples

What is posterior pelvic tilt?
What motions does it occur with?
Which force couple produces posterior pelvic tilt?

A
  1. PSIS lower than ASIS
  2. occurs with lumbar flex and hip ext
  3. trunk flexors/hip extensors
20
Q

Force Couples

What is lateral pelvic tilt?
What force couple produces lateral pelvic tilt?

A
  1. one iliac crest is higher than the other (hip hiking)
  2. opposite hip abductors/trunk lateral rotators
21
Q

Innvervations

What are the four main nerves within the hip?

A
  1. obturator (medial)
  2. femoral (anterior)
  3. sciatic (posterior)
  4. inferior gluteal nerve
22
Q

Innervations

Which muscles does the obturator nerve innervate?

A

adductor brevis
adductor magnus
adductor longus
gracilis
obturator externus

22
Q

Innervations

Which muscles does the femoral nerve innervate?

A

sartorius
iliacus
psoas
quadriceps*
pectineus

*vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, rectus femoris

24
Q

Innervations

Which muscles does the sciatic nerve innervate?

A

hamstrings*

*semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris

25
Q

Innervations

Which muscle does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

26
Q

Muscles

What are the prime movers for hip flexion?

A

rectus femoris
iliopsoas
pectineus
sartorius

27
Q

Muscles

What are the prime movers for hip extension?

A

glute max
glute med
hamstrings
(gastroc)

28
Q

Muscles

What are the prime movers for hip ABD?

A

glute med
glute min
piriformis
obturator internus
TFL

29
Q

Muscles

What are the prime movers for hip ADD?

A

adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus
gracilis

30
Q

Muscles

What are the prime movers foror hip IR?

GGPAT

A

glute med
glute min
pectineus
adductor longus
TFL

31
Q

Muscles

What are the prime movers for hip ER?

GGOOPS

A

glute max
obturator internus
obturator externus
piriformis
sartorius
gemelli

32
Q

Muscles

What are the motions of the glute max?

A

hip ext, ER

33
Q

Muscles

What are the motions of the glute med?

A

hip ext, ABD, IR

34
Q

Muscles

What are the motions of the glute min?

A

hip ABD, IR

35
Q

Muscles

What are the motions of the hamstrings?

36
Q

Muscles

What are the motions of the rectus femoris?

37
Q

Muslces

What are the motions of the adductor longus?

A

hip ADD, IR

38
Q

Muscles

What are the motions of the sartorius?

A

hip flex, ER

Muscles

39
Q

Muscles

What are the motions of the piriformis?

A

hip ABD, ER

40
Q

Muscles

What are the motions of the iliopsoas?

41
Q

Muscles

What are the motions of the TFL?

A

hip ABD, IR

42
Q

THR

What are the precautions for a posterior approach?

A
  1. hip flex >90
  2. hip ADD past midline
  3. hip IR

PTA 160 (11 decks)

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