Weeks 8-9 Flashcards
What are NTDs?
Neglected tropical diseases
Give examples of soil transmitted helminths (nematodes)
Ascaris lumbricoides
Necatar americanus
Acylostoma duodenale
Trichuris trichiura
Strongyloides sterocoralis
What is the common name for ascaris lumbricoides?
Roundworm
What is the common name for necatar americanus?
Hookworm
What is the common name for acylostoma duodenale?
Hookworm
What is the common name for tichuris trichiura?
Whipworm
What is the common name for strongyloides stercoralis?
Threadworm
What immune response increases susceptibility to STHs in HIV disease?
Predominant Th2 response
What is the relationship of HIV with strongyloides stercoralis?
Unreliable serological testing
High fatality of SHS
No increased risk
Give examples of filaria (nematodes)
Wuchereria bancrofti
Brugia malayi
Onchocerca volvulus
Loa loa
What disease does loa loa cause?
African eye worm
What is the urogenital schistosoma?
Haematobium
Name intestinal schistosomas
Mansoni
Japonicum
Mekongi
Intercalatum
Does HIV increase schistosoma risk or does schistosoma increase HIV risk?
Schisostoma increases HIV risk
Name cestodes
Taenia solium
Echinococcal granulosus
Echinococcal multiocularis
What organism causes neurocystercircosis?
Taenia solium
Name the organisms that cause visceral leishmaniasis
Donovani
Infantum
Name the organisms that cause cutaneous leishmaniasis
Tropica
Major
Mexicana
Vienna braziliensis
Which organisms cause human African trypanosomiasis?
Brucei gambiense
Brucei rhodesiense
Which organisms cause Chagas disease?
T. cruzi
Name GIT associated protozoa
Entamoeba histolytica
Giardia lamblia
Cryptosporidium hominis
Cyclospora cayetensis
Cystoisospora belli
Microsporidia
Does HIV increase susceptibility to leprosy?
No and they tend to develop milder forms
Why does EFV have many drug interactions?
CYP450 inducer
Name side effects of EFV
CNS
Hepatotoxicity
Rash
Hyperlipidemia
QT prolongation
What is the dose of EFV?
600mg daily
Name side effects of NVP
Hepatotoxicity
Severe cutaneous reactions
Which factors increase NVP risk for hepatic necrosis?
Females CD4 >250
Males CD4 >400