Weekly Study Questions: Hard (Midterm 1)

Question 1

Which bonds separate first? A-T or G-C

Answer 1

• A-T (2 hydrogen bonds)

Question 2

Describe how each of these monomers are linked to a monomer identical to them:

• amino acids
• monosaccharides
• phospholipid bilayer
• nucleotides

Which one is fundamentally different from the others?

Answer 2

• amino acids: peptide bonds
• monosaccharides: glycosidic bonds
• phospholipid bilayer: van der waal forces (not actually linked)
• nucleotides: phosphodiester bonds (5’OH and 3’ OH)
• different: phospholipids; not covalently linked

Question 3

condensation vs hydrolysis

Answer 3

• forward reaction vs backward reaction

Question 4

actin and myosin role

Answer 4

• cleave dividing cell

Question 5

can you identify the cell cycle stages graphed?

Answer 5

• see notes

Question 6

How many different (separate) compartments are present in the mitochondria?

Answer 6

3

• extracellular compartment
• 2 aqueous compartments: intermembrane space that extends into the lumen of the christae; mitochondrial matrix on the inside of the linear mitochondrial membrane

Question 7

christae

Answer 7

long sac-like structure in the centre of the mitochondrion

Question 8

light microscopy vs transmission e microscopy vs scanning e microscopy

Answer 8

• thin slides absorb visible light
• absorbe electrons (black and white)
• reflects electrons( 3d pic)

Question 9

Where is DNA replication initiated? What does it do?

Answer 9

• origin of replication
• forms the phosphodiester bonds between the 3’ OH of the growing DNA molecule and the 5’ phosphate of the incoming nucleotide