Weekly Review 7 - Early Franco

Question 1

What were Franco’s aims for the ‘new state’?

Answer 1

organic democracy
reinvigorate importance of church
win over ‘old elites’
supress opposition
create society of national unity and order

Question 2

When was Franco declared Head of Government of the Spanish State?

Answer 2

21 September 1936

Question 3

Who was in Franco’s cabinet?

Answer 3

Falange
Catholics
Monarchists
Senior military figures

Question 4

What role did the Cortes have?

Answer 4

appointed by Franco - not elected
offer advice but not make laws

Question 5

What groups were employers and workers in a specific industry organised together into?

Answer 5

Syndicates

Question 6

How many syndicates were there by 1957?

Answer 6

30, each for a different sector

Question 7

What did syndicates do?

Answer 7

set production targets, wages and price levels for goods
but weighted heavily in owners’ favours

Question 8

When was the Labour Charter?

Answer 8

1938

Question 9

What was the Labour Charter?

Answer 9

workers rights:
minimum wage
limited length of working day
Government could change when needed

Question 10

When was the Law Constituting the Cortes?

Answer 10

1942

Question 11

What was the Law Constituting the Cortes?

Answer 11

established new Cortes

Question 12

When was the Charter of the Spanish?

Answer 12

1945

Question 13

What was the Charter of the Spanish?

Answer 13

rights of the Spanish people
no legal force - mostly ignored

Question 14

When was the National Referendum Law?

Answer 14

1945

Question 15

What was the National Referendum Law?

Answer 15

major changes to government must be ratified by referendum

Question 16

When was the Law of Leadership Succession?

Answer 16

1947

Question 17

What was the Law of Leadership Succession?

Answer 17

formally re-established monarchy but Franco would remain head of state until his death

Question 18

When was the Law of Principles of the National Movement?

Answer 18

1958

Question 19

What was the Law of Principles of the National Movement?

Answer 19

right to a fair trial
mostly ignored

Question 20

When was the Organic Law of State?

Answer 20

1967

Question 21

What was the Organic Law of State?

Answer 21

powers and duties of head of state

Question 22

When was the Law for Political Reform?

Answer 22

1977

Question 23

What was the Law for Political Reform?

Answer 23

after Franco’s death
re-establish monarchy

Question 24

When did Franco pass clerical laws?

Answer 24

March - April 1938

Question 25

What did the clerical laws do?

Answer 25

Catholic Church could:
control primary education
establish youth groups

banned religions other than Christianity
restricted rights of Protestant churches

Question 26

How did Franco win over the landowners?

Answer 26

returned land to pre-Republic owners
no fear of land seizure

Question 27

How did Franco win over the industrialists?

Answer 27

no trade unions or strike action (UGT + CNT outlawed)

Question 28

When was the OSE founded?

Answer 28

1940

Question 29

What was the OSE?

Answer 29

state-backed organisation for working people
made up of syndicates

Question 30

Who was prominent in developing social policy 1938-42?

Answer 30

Serrano Suner

Question 31

What did Serrano Suner believe in?

Answer 31

fascist - closer ties with Italy and Germany
critical of church’s influence

Question 32

Who did Franco promise the role of King to?

Answer 32

Juan de Borbon

Question 33

What did Franco initially give the Falange?

Answer 33

only legal political party in ‘new state’
prominent members running the economy and Spanish media

Question 34

Why was the Falange reliant of Franco for leadership?

Answer 34

death of previous leader Primo de Rivera

Question 35

Why did the Carlists lose support?

Answer 35

became committed to fascism