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IT 112 > week4 > Flashcards

week4 Flashcards

1
Q

Memory

A

capable of storing data and information on a temporary basis, memory is faster than stoarge, when the computer loeses the power data is lost

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2
Q

storage

A

physical storage devices, storage is slower then memory
when computer loses the power data is not lost

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3
Q

types of computer memory

A

1internal memory
2 extenal memory

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4
Q

internal memory

A

also called”main / primary memory” stores small amount of data that can be accessed quickly

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5
Q

external memory

A

Also called “secondery memory”
they could be embedded or removable storage devices
(Hard disk, solid state drive (SSD), USB flash drive)

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6
Q

internal memory classified into:

A

a. Volatile memory
b. Non-Volatile memory

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7
Q

volatile memory

A

once the system is turned off the data within the volatile memory is deleted automatically
(RAM)

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8
Q

Random Access Memorey (RAM)

A

also called (main/primary memory) the data is lost when the power is turned off

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9
Q

Ram types

A

1_ SRAM(static Random Access Memorey)
2_DRAM(Dynamic Random Access Memorey)

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10
Q

Static Random Access Memorey (SRAM)

A

it’s widely used in microprocessor, general computing application, volatile in nature

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11
Q

Dynamic RAM (DRAM)

A

it stores each data bit as an electrical charge within a single bit cell
it’s slower than SRAM

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12
Q

Non-Volatile memory

A

data or information is not lost whithin the memory even if power is shut down
(ROM)

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13
Q

hard drive (HD or HDD)

A

Non-Volatile data storage device attached directly to the computer’s motherboard

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14
Q

Solid State Drive (SSD)

A

designed to replicate or supplement the function of the hard drive
transistor-based
Stand alone units or hybrid drives

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15
Q

Solid State hybrid drive (SSHD)

A

physical storage device that combines a faster storage and a higher-capacity

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16
Q

the purpose of SSHD

A

improving the overall performance

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17
Q

Optical device

A

computer disk drive that reads and write data from optical disk through laser beaming technology
(DVD media, blu-ray discs)

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18
Q

flash drive
and types

A

also known as a USB flash drive, potable storage device
1_USB
2_card based drives

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19
Q

local Network Storage
and types

A

devices that allow for a single storage location
1_ Network-attached storage (NAS)
2_File server

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20
Q

Network-attached storage (NAS)

A

storage device connected to a network that allows storage and retrieval of data from centralized location for authorised network users and their client

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21
Q

File Server

A

computer attached to a network that provides a location for shared disk access
(txet, image, sound)

22
Q

cloud storage devices

A

enable users to access their information and apps anywhere an internet connection is available
(google drive, Microsoft onedrive, apple icloud)

23
Q

File system

A

in order for the OS to able to read and write files to a drive it must be partitiones and formatted
Partitoning is done to improve the performance (S28)

24
Q

File system
-under windows

A

1_FAT(file allocation table):
maximum size of 32GB

2_ NTFS(New technology File system):
up to 2 TB

25
Q

file system
-CDs and DVDs

A

are often formatted using Universal Disk Format (UDF)

26
Q

File system
-under linux

A

ext3 64-bit support journaling

27
Q

Journal File System (JFS)

A

allows track Changes

28
Q

File system Features

A

1_ compression
2_Encryption
3_permission
4_Journaling
5Limitation
6 Naming rules

29
Q

compression

A

non-lossy algorithm findes ways to store the data in it more efficiently without discarding any information

30
Q

Encryption

A

encrypt data in a file when it’s saved

31
Q

permission
Access Control List (ACL)

A

The ACL records which users accounts are allowed to read, write, or control the object

32
Q

journaling

A

track changes ,when the power is off suddenly, it recover the data or at least restore the file system to good working order

33
Q

Naming Rules

A

very old file system limited the size of a file name to eight characters plus a three-character extension
modren file system support longer file names

34
Q

windows three system folders

A

1_ windows: drivers, logs, add-in application
2_Program files: subfolders for installed application software
3_Users: storage for users profile settings and data

35
Q

Linux Directo

A

in linux these containers are called as directorise
linux uses (/) to represent the root

36
Q

Attribute
Read-only (R)

A

prevent changes being saved back to file

37
Q

Attribute
Hidden(H)

A

Specifies whether the file is visible in the default view

38
Q

Attribute
System (S)

A

Specifies that the file should not be accessible to ordinary users

39
Q

Administrator

A

have full control over any file

40
Q

user permissions
Full control

A

allow the user to do anything with t the object, including change its permission

41
Q

user permissions
modify

A

allows the user to do most things with an object but not to change its permissions or owner

42
Q

user permissions
Read/List/Execute

A

allow the user to view the contents of a file

43
Q

User permissions
Write

A

allow the user to read a file and change it but not to delet it

44
Q

File type and extension
txt

A

no binary file information, any application can open a text file

45
Q

File type and extension
rtf (rich text format)

A

eary generic file format for sharing documents between diffrenet word processing

46
Q

common file formats
File types and extensions

A

1odf : better support for the modren word processors than RTF
2doc/docx: used by Microsoft Word
3 spreadsheet software: Microsof Excel (xls or xlsx file extension)
4 Presentation Software: Microsoft PowerPoint presentation (ppt or pptx file extension

47
Q

imge file types

A

jpg/jpeg: Joint Pictures Expert Group
gif: Graphics Interchange Formats
tiff: tagged imge file forma
png: portable network graphics
bmp

48
Q

video File types

A

mpg
mp4
flv
wmv
avi

49
Q

Audio file types

A

mp3
aac
m4a
flac(free lossless audio codec)
wav

50
Q

Executable file

A

it’s one that contains program code
exe
msi
app
bat/cmd/vsb/js/ps1

51
Q

compression formats

A

zip
tar
rar
7z
gz
iso
vhd/vmdk
dmg

IT 112 (9 decks)

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