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IT 112 > week 1 > Flashcards

week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

information

A

processd data

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2
Q

Data

A

is raw and unprocessed

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3
Q

machine

A

processes input to output
data to information

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4
Q

the most important piece of hardware is

A

microprocessor chip

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5
Q

CPU

A

Central processing unit

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6
Q

GPU

A

graphics processing unit

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7
Q

APU

A

accelerated processing unit

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8
Q

types of computer software

A

1_ system software (windows, MacOS, Linux)

2_ application software (Chrome, Microsoft Word, Adope Photoshop)

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9
Q

input

A

enter the data to the computer

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10
Q

processing

A

data is written to the memory and mainpulated by a set of instructions

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11
Q

output

A

display the processed data to the user

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12
Q

storage

A

data may be written to a different type of storage such as hard disk

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13
Q

Types of computer

A

1_ Mainframe
2_ workstation
3_ microcomputer
4_ microcontroller
5_ supercomputer

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14
Q

Mainframe is

A

$5,000 to $5 million
used in large organisations ( banks, airlines, insurance company, college)
processes billion of instructions per second

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15
Q

workstation is

A

referred to as desktop PC, used fo complex scientifics, mathematical, and engineering calculations

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16
Q

microcomputer is

A

$500- $5,000
Personal computer (PC) (Tower PC, desktop PC, laptop/ Notebook

17
Q

microcontroller is

A

tiny microprocessor installed in a smart appliancees
also called (embedded computer)

18
Q

supercomputer is

A

fastest computer, thousand of processor, trillion calculations per second, used for (computer simulations, tracking hurricane, understanding ocean currents)

19
Q

server

A

a cantral computer that holds collections of data and programs for multiple clients

20
Q

laptop

A

one that integrate all desktop PC components within a single potable case

21
Q

the main feature that is distinguish laptop from a PC

A

1_ size and wight
2_ input devices
3_ power source
4_ components

22
Q

PDA

A

personal digital assistant

23
Q

the internet of things (IoT)

A

things that are embedded with the processing and networking functionality which is controlled by very small chips (Home automation, security system, modren car)

24
Q

the main function of an OS

A

provide stable environment for software applications to work together

25
Q

The Booting Process

A

1_ turn on the computer
2_ the processor (CPU) begin
3executing start up system (BIOS) located in ROM
4 instructions helps to load the OS from the hard disk into the RAM
5_ they pass the control to the OS

26
Q

POST

A

Power-on-self-test
is done by the computer to check if the main components works fine or not

IT 112 (9 decks)

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