Week2

Question 1

What can dental plaque cause

Answer 1

Dental caries
Perio disease
Oral malodor

Question 2

Soft and hard dental deposits are assessed according to the following

Answer 2

Location
Amount
Extent and distribution

Question 3

Generalized refers to

Answer 3

Greater than 1/3rd of the dentition involved

Question 4

Localized refers to

Answer 4

Involving less than 1/3rd of the dentition involved

Question 5

Describe characteristics of bacteria

Answer 5

Not free floating
Adhere to surface
Can relocate
Communicate

Question 6

Healthy dental plaque contains gram positive or negative cocci

Answer 6

Aerobic gram positive cocci

Question 7

Dental plaque included gingival disease contains what kind of bacteria

Answer 7

Gram negative bacteria

Question 8

Healthy mouths mainly have calculus located where

Answer 8

Supragingival

Question 9

What is included in soft deposits

Answer 9

Acquired pelicle
Dental biofilm
Materia alba
Food debris

Question 10

Hard deposits include

Answer 10

Calculus (mineralized plaque)
Extrinsic stain may be mineralized

Question 11

Plaque accumulates every

Answer 11

12-24hours

Question 12

What influences growth and retention of plaque?

Answer 12

Missing teeth
Malocclusion
Mouth breathing
Short lingual frenum
Ortho
Overhang
Calculus
Stain

Question 13

What can cause tissue destruction and exceeds reparative ability of the host which can lead to disease

Answer 13

Biofilm bacteria

Question 14

Membranous, acellular, organic layer forms over exposed tooth surfaces, calculus and restorations

Answer 14

Acquired pellicle

Question 15

Acquired pellicle forms within

Answer 15

Minutes of all debris being removed

Question 16

What is the significance of pellicle (4)

Answer 16

Protective
Lubrication
Nidus (point of origin) for bacteria
Attachment of calculus

Question 17

Host associated, dense, non mineralized, organized mass of bacterial colonies describes what?

Answer 17

Dental biofilm (plaque)

Question 18

What are the inorganic elements of plaque

Answer 18

Calcium phosphorus fluoride

Question 19

Organic elements of plaque includes

Answer 19

Carbs proteins and lipids

Question 20

Where does plaque most frequently occurs

Answer 20

Proximal surfaces and gingival third

Question 21

What surface has the least amount of plaque

Answer 21

Palatal surface of the max teeth

Question 22

Plaque index or score is based on

Answer 22

Location and amount of

Question 23

Loosely adherent mass of bacteria and cellular debris that frequently occurs on top of bacterial plaque where plaque removal has been neglected

Answer 23

Materia alba

Question 24

Describe the appearance of Materia alba

Answer 24

White
Bulky and clearly visible
Cottage cheese appearance

Question 25

Gingival inflammation and underneath Materia alba what is often found

Answer 25

Demineralization of the tooth surface and dental caries

Question 26

What are the 4 stages of bacterial plaque biofilm formation

Answer 26

Initial adherence: pellicle formation Bacterial colonization- lag phase Rapid growth bacterial colonization Steady state and detachment

Question 27

During bacterial colonization (lag phase) planktonic bacteria become

Answer 27

Sessile Immobile and fixed

Question 28

How old is the film during lag phase

Answer 28

2-4 days

Question 29

During days 14-24 gingivitis is present biofilm is gram negative and fluid channels distribute what

Answer 29

Nutrients, wastes, allow free flow bacteria to leave and begin new colonies

Question 30

Calculus and tartar mineralize plaque by

Answer 30

Calcium and phosphate salts in saliva

Question 31

Heavy calculus formers have

Answer 31

Higher salivary levels of calcium and phosphorus than do light calculus formers

Question 32

Light calculus formers have higher levels of

Answer 32

Parotid pyrophosphate

Question 33

What is pyrophosphate

Answer 33

An inhibitor of calcification and is used in anti calculus toothpastes

Question 34

Extrinsic stain refers to

Answer 34

A surface or external stain which can be removed by brushing scaling or polishing

Question 35

What is the mode of attachment for extrinsic stains

Answer 35

Mode of attachment is by the acquired pellicle

Question 36

What is yellow stain caused by

Answer 36

Caused by the colour of underlying plaque and found where plaque accumulates the most

Question 37

Green stain can become embedded in plaque and is often found on facial cervical third of maxillary anterior teeth. What is the cause

Answer 37

Poor oral hygiene

Question 38

What is the composition of green stain

Answer 38

Chromogenic bacteria and fungi or decomposed hemoglobin

Question 39

When green stain is present we should not?

Answer 39

Scale this area due to possible demineralization underlining the stain

Question 40

Black line stain is associated with

Answer 40

Iron in the saliva

Question 41

Black line stain is approximately how wide and follows the contour of gingival crest

Answer 41

1mm wide

Question 42

Orange stain is due to

Answer 42

Poor oh, chromogenic bacteria

Question 43

Chromogenic are bacteria which produce

Answer 43

Waste or end products that are cultured

Question 44

Brown stain may be caused by?

Answer 44

Tea Coffee Stannous fluoride

Question 45

Red black stain may be due to

Answer 45

Betal nut/leaf Common in western pacific and south Asian cultures

Question 46

Blue green stain is due to

Answer 46

Mercury and lead dust

Question 47

Intrinsic stains are incorporated within? Cannot be?

Answer 47

Within the tooth structure itself and cannot be removed by scaling or polishing

Question 48

Intrinsic stains can be the result of alterations of the

Answer 48

Development of the tooth or associated with antibiotic use

Question 49

Endogenous intrinsic stains may be caused by what factors within the tooth

Answer 49

Pulpless teeth Tetracyclines Imperfect tooth development Other systemic causes

Question 50

Exogenous intrinsic stains are caused by factors external to the tooth such as

Answer 50

Restorative materials Endodontic therapy Drugs Stain in dentin

Question 51

Hypocalcification appears as? Due to?

Answer 51

White spots of enamel High fever during enamel formation

Question 52

Demineralization appears as? Due to?

Answer 52

White or brown spots of enamel (smooth or rough) Acid erosion

Question 53

Oral hygiene indices measures levels of oral hygiene and are used to ?

Answer 53

-Establish a baseline and monitor -Survey the oral hygiene status within a population -evaluate an intervention drug or device

Question 54

The clients oral hygiene status is part of what phase of care

Answer 54

Assesment

Question 55

Describe the silness and low plaque index

Answer 55

Each of the 4 surfaces of the teeth is given a score from 0-3. The scores from the 4 areas of the tooth are added and divided by 4

Question 56

What are the teeth used for plaque index

Answer 56

16, 21, 24, 44, 41, 36

Question 57

Score of 0 means

Answer 57

No plaque and excellent plaque index

Question 58

If the plaque index is 0.1-0.9 it is

Answer 58

Good

Question 59

If the plaque index is 1.0-1.9 it is

Answer 59

Fair

Question 60

If the plaque index is 2.0-3.0 it is

Answer 60

Poor