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Preventive Dentistry > Week2 > Flashcards

Week2 Flashcards

1
Q

What can dental plaque cause

A

Dental caries
Perio disease
Oral malodor

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2
Q

Soft and hard dental deposits are assessed according to the following

A

Location
Amount
Extent and distribution

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3
Q

Generalized refers to

A

Greater than 1/3rd of the dentition involved

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4
Q

Localized refers to

A

Involving less than 1/3rd of the dentition involved

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5
Q

Describe characteristics of bacteria

A

Not free floating
Adhere to surface
Can relocate
Communicate

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6
Q

Healthy dental plaque contains gram positive or negative cocci

A

Aerobic gram positive cocci

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7
Q

Dental plaque included gingival disease contains what kind of bacteria

A

Gram negative bacteria

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8
Q

Healthy mouths mainly have calculus located where

A

Supragingival

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9
Q

What is included in soft deposits

A

Acquired pelicle
Dental biofilm
Materia alba
Food debris

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10
Q

Hard deposits include

A

Calculus (mineralized plaque)
Extrinsic stain may be mineralized

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11
Q

Plaque accumulates every

A

12-24hours

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12
Q

What influences growth and retention of plaque?

A

Missing teeth
Malocclusion
Mouth breathing
Short lingual frenum
Ortho
Overhang
Calculus
Stain

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13
Q

What can cause tissue destruction and exceeds reparative ability of the host which can lead to disease

A

Biofilm bacteria

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14
Q

Membranous, acellular, organic layer forms over exposed tooth surfaces, calculus and restorations

A

Acquired pellicle

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15
Q

Acquired pellicle forms within

A

Minutes of all debris being removed

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16
Q

What is the significance of pellicle (4)

A

Protective
Lubrication
Nidus (point of origin) for bacteria
Attachment of calculus

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17
Q

Host associated, dense, non mineralized, organized mass of bacterial colonies describes what?

A

Dental biofilm (plaque)

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18
Q

What are the inorganic elements of plaque

A

Calcium phosphorus fluoride

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19
Q

Organic elements of plaque includes

A

Carbs proteins and lipids

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20
Q

Where does plaque most frequently occurs

A

Proximal surfaces and gingival third

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21
Q

What surface has the least amount of plaque

A

Palatal surface of the max teeth

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22
Q

Plaque index or score is based on

A

Location and amount of

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23
Q

Loosely adherent mass of bacteria and cellular debris that frequently occurs on top of bacterial plaque where plaque removal has been neglected

A

Materia alba

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24
Q

Describe the appearance of Materia alba

A

White
Bulky and clearly visible
Cottage cheese appearance

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25
Q

Gingival inflammation and underneath Materia alba what is often found

A

Demineralization of the tooth surface and dental caries

26
Q

What are the 4 stages of bacterial plaque biofilm formation

A

Initial adherence: pellicle formation
Bacterial colonization- lag phase
Rapid growth bacterial colonization
Steady state and detachment

27
Q

During bacterial colonization (lag phase) planktonic bacteria become

A

Sessile
Immobile and fixed

28
Q

How old is the film during lag phase

A

2-4 days

29
Q

During days 14-24 gingivitis is present biofilm is gram negative and fluid channels distribute what

A

Nutrients, wastes, allow free flow bacteria to leave and begin new colonies

30
Q

Calculus and tartar mineralize plaque by

A

Calcium and phosphate salts in saliva

31
Q

Heavy calculus formers have

A

Higher salivary levels of calcium and phosphorus than do light calculus formers

32
Q

Light calculus formers have higher levels of

A

Parotid pyrophosphate

33
Q

What is pyrophosphate

A

An inhibitor of calcification and is used in anti calculus toothpastes

34
Q

Extrinsic stain refers to

A

A surface or external stain which can be removed by brushing scaling or polishing

35
Q

What is the mode of attachment for extrinsic stains

A

Mode of attachment is by the acquired pellicle

36
Q

What is yellow stain caused by

A

Caused by the colour of underlying plaque and found where plaque accumulates the most

37
Q

Green stain can become embedded in plaque and is often found on facial cervical third of maxillary anterior teeth. What is the cause

A

Poor oral hygiene

38
Q

What is the composition of green stain

A

Chromogenic bacteria and fungi or decomposed hemoglobin

39
Q

When green stain is present we should not?

A

Scale this area due to possible demineralization underlining the stain

40
Q

Black line stain is associated with

A

Iron in the saliva

41
Q

Black line stain is approximately how wide and follows the contour of gingival crest

A

1mm wide

42
Q

Orange stain is due to

A

Poor oh, chromogenic bacteria

43
Q

Chromogenic are bacteria which produce

A

Waste or end products that are cultured

44
Q

Brown stain may be caused by?

A

Tea
Coffee
Stannous fluoride

45
Q

Red black stain may be due to

A

Betal nut/leaf
Common in western pacific and south Asian cultures

46
Q

Blue green stain is due to

A

Mercury and lead dust

47
Q

Intrinsic stains are incorporated within? Cannot be?

A

Within the tooth structure itself and cannot be removed by scaling or polishing

48
Q

Intrinsic stains can be the result of alterations of the

A

Development of the tooth or associated with antibiotic use

49
Q

Endogenous intrinsic stains may be caused by what factors within the tooth

A

Pulpless teeth
Tetracyclines
Imperfect tooth development
Other systemic causes

50
Q

Exogenous intrinsic stains are caused by factors external to the tooth such as

A

Restorative materials
Endodontic therapy
Drugs
Stain in dentin

51
Q

Hypocalcification appears as?
Due to?

A

White spots of enamel
High fever during enamel formation

52
Q

Demineralization appears as?
Due to?

A

White or brown spots of enamel (smooth or rough)
Acid erosion

53
Q

Oral hygiene indices measures levels of oral hygiene and are used to ?

A

-Establish a baseline and monitor
-Survey the oral hygiene status within a population
-evaluate an intervention drug or device

54
Q

The clients oral hygiene status is part of what phase of care

A

Assesment

55
Q

Describe the silness and low plaque index

A

Each of the 4 surfaces of the teeth is given a score from 0-3. The scores from the 4 areas of the tooth are added and divided by 4

56
Q

What are the teeth used for plaque index

A

16, 21, 24, 44, 41, 36

57
Q

Score of 0 means

A

No plaque and excellent plaque index

58
Q

If the plaque index is 0.1-0.9 it is

A

Good

59
Q

If the plaque index is 1.0-1.9 it is

A

Fair

60
Q

If the plaque index is 2.0-3.0 it is

A

Poor

Preventive Dentistry (7 decks)

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