Week1 Lesson 1- Principles And Terminology Flashcards
What are the principles of radiographic?
aid diagnosis - radiation close
Plan treatments surgery - clinical reports, lead to other imaging
what does phalanges mean
fingers, digits
What are the 4 body habitual
Hypersthenic
•Wide, short thorax and broad peritoneal cavity with a high diaphragm – large adult
•Sthenic
•Less broad than hypersthenic – average adult, athletic build
•Hyposthenic
•Longer thorax with lower diaphragms – slim adult
•Asthenic
•Slim thorax with a low diaphragm – smaller and slimmer than average adult
What is radiation
Energy
Electromagnetic spectrum of different types of radiation
Describe what are X-rays
. High energy, short wave length,. Can penetrate matter- damage human cells
What is the ALARP principle s how can this be done
As low as reasonably practicable
Get radiation dose correct , position of body right and the right body part correct the first time
Optimise radiation dose
What is kVp
Is the amount of energy you have, you need more energy for larger parts
Affects contrast of the image
What is mAs
Amount of X-rays photons
Affect density of the image
What is contrast
The difference between components m an image
What is contrast
The difference between components in an image
Kvp
What is density
The amount of X-ray s , overall darkness of image,
MAs
What is scatter
When X-ray irradiation hits s an object scatters in multiple direction which creates a washed out, pixilated ( called high noise image)
What is attunatian
Is the energy lost due to interaction in its path
Metal and bones have high attrition as they stop x rats from going through
Low attenuation: air and lungs
What is attunatian
Is the energy lost due to interaction in its path
Metal and bones have high attrition as they stop x rats from going through
Low attenuation: air and lungs
What is SID
The distance from X-ray tubes to the imaging detector
Chest x-ray=180cm
Most is100-110
How does source object distance effect image quality
Of there’s a small sod it creates an unsharp image
Means the closer the object to the source the more the unsharpness the image isq
What is a grid a Bucky mechanism used for
Used for large body areas
Placed between and detector
Reduces scatter → improves image quality, however need higher dose of radiation
What 1s the automatic exposure chamber
Located between patient and detector
It works out exposure for places that have different densities at a given KVp
The radiation cuts off when , a certain density has been given
What is the light beam diaphragm
The middle G X-ray beam
Cross light
What is Collimation
The size of feild you are irradiating
You want to limit this find to improve image quality and reduce scatter
What are anatomical side markers
Lead
Indicate left or right side in images - image can be flipped
Radiographer identification - number or initial