Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

KHA452 - Complexities & Controversies > Week Twelve - Ageing > Flashcards

Week Twelve - Ageing Flashcards

1
Q

When did life expectancy start to increase?

A

Early 1900’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Country with oldest population?

A

Japan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Australian men vs women over 65 life expectancies

A

20 extra years for men

22 extra years for women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Indigenous Australians vs non-Indigenous life expectancy

A

50 years vs 65 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Causes of low life expectancy in Indigenous Australians?

A

Access to healthcare
Poverty
Hidden racism
Poor health/nutrition - leads to chronic diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Compared to Indigenous, the Stolen Generation have increased levels of?

A 
Mental health disorders
Government assistance
Substance abuse
Smoking
Physical harm
Poverty
Early Death
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Life expectancy is reduced in what other disadvantaged australians?

A

People from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds
People who live in rural or remote areas
People who are homeless or at risk of becoming homeless
People who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or
intersex (LGBTI).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MH disorders are more prevalent in what age group?

A

16-24 years.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Rates of suicide is higher in what age group?

A

85+, mainly men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Who is at a greater risk of depression?

A

Older adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why are older adults at a greater risk of developing MH disorders/depression?

A

Bereavement
Adjustment to physiological changes eg driving, isolation, privacy, independence
Disability, leading to low self-esteem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why do older adults under-utilise MH services?

A 
Lack of services aimed at OA 
Prioritise physical health care about MH
Mental health literacy is poor
Stigma associated with MI
Different symptoms in OA
Assumptions that depression is normal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Untreated MI in older age can lead to:

A
  • Poor wellbeing and quality of life
  • Deterioration in overall health
  • Increased hospital admissions
  • Earlier transition to residential aged care
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does mental health-specific health promotion for older adults involve?

A

Creating living conditions and environments that support wellbeing and allow people to lead a healthy life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How to improve MH of OA?

A
  • Adequate housing through supportive housing policy
  • Social support for older people and their caregivers
  • Health and social programmes targeted at vulnerable groups such as those who live alone and rural populations or who suffer from a chronic or relapsing mental or physical illness
  • Programmes to prevent and deal with elder abuse
  • Community development programmes
  • Promoting Active and Healthy Ageing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

% of people who live alone aged over 75?

A

50% of people over 75 live alone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Loneliness has a comparable risk factor for death as?

A

Loneliness has a comparable risk factor for death as smoking 15 cigarettes a day

18
Q

Loneliness and AD?

A

A lonely person is twice as likely to develop AD.

19
Q

What are some ageing stereotypes?

A 
Illness
Weakness
Wrinkles
Cognitive decline
Aches and pain
Loneliness
20
Q

Social reasoning and age?

A

Older people show better competencies for reasoning about social dilemmas and conflicts

21
Q

Body positivity and age?

A

Body positivity increases with age

22
Q

Personality and age in cross-sectional?

A

Older people are more:

  • altruistic
  • generous
  • trusting
  • less dark triad personality traits
23
Q

Personality and wellbeing in cross-sectional?

A

Higher self-control = more healthy

Narcissism = low rates of loneliness

24
Q

Personality and age in longitudinal?

A 
Better emotional regulation 
Less neuroticism
Interpersonal trust increases
Less openness
Less extraverted
25
Q

Cognitive changes and age?

A

Processing speed, Working memory and Long-term memory all decline

World knowledge increases

26
Q

Leading cause of death in Australia?

A

Coronary Heart Disease

27
Q

Three common types of Dementia?

A

AD
Vascular dementia
Lewy Body dementia

28
Q

What is Alzheimer’s Disease?

A

Generalised brain cell loss, especially in the cortex, plus extracellular plaques and intracellular tangles. It has a progressive unremitting course with widespread loss of function and abilities.

29
Q

What is Vascular Dementia?

A

Vascular lesions cause focal damage in the brain with
resultant focal neurological signs. Stepwise deterioration in cognitive and physical function. Often a history of cardiovascular pathology (e.g.
hypertension).

30
Q

What is Lewy Body Dementia?

A

Symptoms include clouding of consciousness, paranoid

delusions, visual and auditory hallucinations, falls, depressive symptoms.

31
Q

Preclinical stage of Dementia?

A

Silent: Brain changes without measurable symptoms

  • can notice changes but not detectable on tests
  • patient knows doc doesnt
32
Q

MCI stage of Dementia?

A

Changes concern fam/friends
One or more domains impaired
Preserved activities of daily living

33
Q

Key thing re dementia and signs?

A

There isn’t always a direct link between brain deterioration and AD pathology

34
Q

Wider impact of Dementia?

A

Health and general wellbeing of caregivers and families of patients are worse than their age-matched peers, with higher rates of:

  • anxiety
  • depression
  • worse sleep quality
  • social and economic issues eg direct costs of medical, social and informal care causing stress
35
Q

% of dementia cases that can be prevented and how?

A

Up to 40% of dementia cases may be prevented by modifying risk factors.

  • physical inactivity
  • smoking
  • obesity
  • diabetes
  • hypertension

Each of these factors can be modified. Keeping mentally and physically active can help preserve cognitive skills, reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s
disease and maintain overall health.

36
Q

Older people and the workforce?

A

Older people in the workforce have greater levels of wellbeing and increased longevity.

37
Q

What is considered ‘healthy ageing’?

A 
Financial security
Meaning and purpose
Connectedness
Physical health
Resilience
38
Q

Is ageing equal?

A

Every individual experiences old age differently. The process of ageing is itself complex and multifaceted with wide variations in its effect on older people.

39
Q

Exercise and ageing?

A

High Intensity interval Training (HIIT) increases mitochondria function

Endurance training, HIIT training but not resistance training increase telomere length

40
Q

Diet and Healthy ageing?

A

The Mediterranean diet is the most recognized diets for disease prevention and healthy aging, possibly due to anti inflammatory and antioxidative properties

A recent meta-analysis showed the Mediterranean diet is associated with longer telomere length (TL).

41
Q

Super-Ages diet?

A

95% plant-based diet, rich in legumes, whole grains, vegetables and nuts

KHA452 - Complexities & Controversies (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions