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Exotics > Week Six: Small Mammals (Part 2) > Flashcards

Week Six: Small Mammals (Part 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between male and female chinchillas?

A

Females have no labial folds

Males testicles do not descent into the scrotum, prepuce extends to directly under the anus

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2
Q

Gestation period of chinchillas

How many offspring are usually born?

A

138 days

1-3 born

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3
Q

Husbandry requirements for chinchillas

A

Heat and humidity, chew-proof, hiding places, mutli level homes, dust baths

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4
Q

Nutritional requirements for chinchillas

A

Hay supplemented with pellets, water bowls can be a hazard

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5
Q

Slobbers in chinchillas

A

Refers to clinical signs seen when malocclusion is present

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6
Q

Choke in chinchillas

A

Cannot vomit, object too large to swallow

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7
Q

Hairballs in chinchillas

A

Dietary fiber can help prevent hairballs

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8
Q

Heat stroke in chinchillas

A

> 80 degrees, high humidity

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9
Q

Behavior of chinchillas

A

Nocturnal, curious, rarely bite, athletic (even when old)

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10
Q

Restraining a chinchillas

A

Never scruff
Hold back end with one hand and the chest and forelimbs with the other
Fur slip

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11
Q

What is fur slip?

A

fur slip is done to “escape” the situation your chinchilla is in. Much like a gecko will drop their tail if caught be a predator (or accidentally picked up by the owner by the tail), chinchillas will release tufts of hair to get away from whatever is trying to capture them.

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12
Q

Venipuncture in chinchillas

A

Anesthesia preferred, jugular vein is primary

but can use cephalic, saphenous, femoral, lateral abdominal, tail vein

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13
Q

Behavior of guinea pigs

A

Docile and rarely bite, social and can share housing with other guinea pigs, vocalize, neophobic

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14
Q

What kind of teeth do guinea pigs have? Explain.

A

Open-rooted incisors, premolars, and molars

teeth grow throughout the life of the animal

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15
Q

Reproduction in guinea pigs

A

Females have pubic symphysis
Bred within six months of age
Copulatory plug may be found in cage
No nest building- precocious young (fully developed, born with hair, and the eyes open)

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16
Q

Husbandry for guinea pigs

A

Can be messy (no dedicated potty area, tip bowls)

Cages d not need lids to protect from escape, room temp should be around 70 F

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17
Q

Nutrition for guinea pigs

A

Herbivores: pellets, grass hay, fresh vegetables, limited fruits, cannot synthesize vitamin C

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18
Q

Scurvy in guinea pigs

A

Musculoskeletal disease caused by vitamin C deficiency
Clinical sings: lethargy, anorexia, arthralgia, uncharacteristic biting, diarrhea, weight-loss
Treatment: Supplementation and supportive care

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19
Q

Respiratory disease in guinea pigs

A

Caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica or Streptococccus pneumonia
Can contract from any carrier

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20
Q

Lumps in guinea pigs

A

Cervical lymphadenitis, inflamed/abscessed lymph nodes caused by Streptobacillus or Streptococcus
Isolation is necessary until healed

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21
Q

Zoonosis concerns with guinea pigs

A

Salmonellosis, sarcoptic mange, ringworm, lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM)

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22
Q

Restraint methods for guinea pigs

A

Method one: One hand supports the thorax and the other supports hind limbs
Method two: Similar but the Guinea pig is held in a cradled fashion

Restraint for jugular venipuncture similar to cats

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23
Q

Parasite concerns in guinea pigs

A 
Cryptosporidium wrairi (intestinal protozoan characterized by weight loss, diarrhea, and death)
Fleas, mites, and lice (trixacarus caviae- zoonotic)
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24
Q

Sex determination in guinea pigs

A

Females: genital area has a Y shape
Males: Straight slit

25
Q

Sex determination in HedgeHogs

A

Testes are intra-abdominal

26
Q

BeHaVior in HedgeHogs

A

Solitary, defensive/aggressive signs include rolling into a ball, Vibrating spines, Hissing and spitting

27
Q

Nutrition in HedgeHogs

A

Insectivorous (CriCkets, mealworms, grassHoppers, snails, slugs, pinkie miCe, non-toxic frogs)

28
Q

Lameness in HedgeHogs

A

Causes include oVergrown toenails, fracture/trauma, neoplasia, secondary to wobbling HedgeHog syndrome

29
Q

DiarrHea in HedgeHogs

A

Stress, parasites, bacterial infection, salmonellosis

30
Q

Fungal infection in HedgeHogs

A

Usually triCopHyton or MiCroporum, Crusting around base of spines

31
Q

Neoplasia in HedgeHogs

A

Squamous Cell CarCinomas, Cutaneous mast Cell tumors, mammary gland tumors, Cutaneous HemangiosarComa

32
Q

______ is often required for examination or Venipuncture in HedgeHogs

33
Q

WHat family do skunks belong to

A

Mustelidae

34
Q

WHat is tHe skunk usually kept as a pet

A

Mephitis metpHitis

35
Q

WHen are skunks usually desCented?

A

2-4 weeks of age

36
Q

Lifespan and WeigHt of skunks

A

10-12 years

4.5 kg

37
Q

Husbandry of skunks

A

Solitary, like to dig, Can be litter and Harness trained

38
Q

Nutrition in skunks

A

Omniores; inseCts, rodents, small Vertebrates, fruits, green Vegetables, grain

39
Q

Obesity in skunks

A

Most Common CliniCal issue, Corrected witH diet, Husbandry, and Client education
Can lead to Cardiomyopaty and dermatitis

40
Q

Amyloidosis in skunks

A

Buildup of insoluble proteins (amyloids) in multiple organ systems
Compromised organs do not function fully/CorreCtly

41
Q

Canine distemper in skunks

A

Signs include fever, Hyperemia of face and ear, sCleral inflammation, oCular discharge, depression, anorexia, diarrhea, dyspnea, neurologic signs
Treatment: prevent witH VaCCines, supportive Care if ContraCted, prognosis is poor

42
Q

Feline panleukopenia in skunks

A

CliniCal signs include Hemorrhagic enteritis, snorexia, depression, low WBC Count, death within 5 days
Treatment: supportive Care, prevent witH VaCCines

43
Q

Zoonotic diseases of skunks

A 
Baylisascris columnaris (roundworm, Causes serious VisCeral larVa migrans in Humans, fecal-oral, prevention tHrougH Hygiene)
Rabies (public HealtH offiCials won't aCCept VaCCinated reCords if a skunk bites someone)
44
Q

Restraint in skunks

A

Similar to Cats but no sCruffing

45
Q

WeigHt and lifespan of sugar gliders

A

95-160 g

9-12 years

46
Q

Husbandry of sugar gliders

A

Need a lot of room, nest/Hide box, branCHes, always keep min. of 2

47
Q

Nutrition of sugar gliders

A

CommerCial food, nectar, 15-20% of body weight in food

48
Q

Nutritional osteodystropHy in sugar gliders

A

Diet is too low in Calcium and Vitamin D3, Causes aCute Hind limb paresis and paralysis, treated witH rest and dietary CorreCtion

49
Q

Stress-related diseases in sugar gliders

A

Alopecia, self-mutilation, CopropHagia, HyperpHagia, polyuria, pacing, Cannibalism

50
Q

Neoplasia in sugar gliders

A

Lymphoid neoplasia is most Common

51
Q

Restraint in sugar gliders

A

Hold Head between tHumb and middle finger and use index finger to restrain te top of Head, body rests in palm of Hand

52
Q

Venipuncture in sugar gliders

A

1% body weight Can be drawn, jugular, Cranial Vena CaVa

53
Q

WeigHt and lifespan of prairie dogs

A

0.5-2.2 kg

6-10 years

54
Q

Nutrition of prairie dogs

A

Primarily HerbiVores; HigH- quality grass Hay, CommerCial diet

55
Q

Obesity in prairie dogs Can lead to

A

Heart disease, respiratory disease, liVer disease

56
Q

Nasal dermatitis in prairie dogs

A

Rubbing face on Cage wire, secondary bacterial infeCtions, CorreCt Husbandry ConCerns

57
Q

Zoonotic diseases wit prairie dogs

A 
Yersinia and baylisasCaris (Causes aCute mesenteric lymphadenitis, fever, anorexia, Vomiting, enteritis, diarrhea, dehydration in Humans)
Yersinia pestis (Causes sylvatic plague in Humans)
MONKEY POX! (Causes systemic disease; fever, rashes, death. Bites or ContaCt wit fluids or lesions, outbreak in June 2003 in WisConsin, Ilionois, Indiana, Kansas, Ohio, and Missouri)
58
Q

Restraint of prairie dogs

A

MetHod 1: One Hand around CHest and one supporting Hind limbs
MetHod 2: lift by base of tail and place forelimbs on table
MetHod 3: Burrito time!

Exotics (9 decks)

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