Week I

Question 1

Genes separate randomly in the gametes so that each gamete will only receive haploid copies of the gene

Answer 1

2nd Mendel’s Law: Law of Segregation

Question 2

Genes of different traits can segregate independently.

Answer 2

3rd Mendel’s Law: Law of Independent Assortment

Question 3

The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance was First proposed by

Answer 3

Theodor Boveri and Walter Sutton in 1902.

Question 4

observed that development in sea urchins does not happen without chromosomes

Answer 4

Theodor Boveri

Question 5

observed chromosomes in meiosis among grasshoppers

Answer 5

Walter Sutton

Question 6

observed chromosomes among fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster)

Answer 6

Thomas Hunt Morgan

Question 7

the offspring appear to have a different allele not seen in the parents and are therefore called

Answer 7

RECOMBINANTS

Question 8

How are recombinants produced?

Answer 8

By crossing-over during the pachytene stage of Prophase I.

Question 9

provided direct physical evidence of recombination in 1931

Answer 9

Barbara McClintock and Harriet Creighton

Question 10

Transposons, moveable genetic elements, were also discovered by

Answer 10

Barbara McClintock

Question 11

discovered NUCLEIN in the cell nucleus

Answer 11

1869 - Friedrich Miescher

Question 12

noticed that alkaptonuria seemed to behave like a Mendelian recessive trait.

Answer 12

1902 - Archibald Garrod

Question 13

proved the relationship of genes and proteins from their experiments on a mold known as Neurospora

Answer 13

George Beadle & E.L. Tatum

Question 14

built the model of DNA based on the X-ray photos collected by Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins.

Answer 14

1953 - James Watson and Francis Crick

Question 15

cracked the genetic code.

Answer 15

1960 - Marshal Nirenberg and Gobind Khorana

Question 16

Constructed a genetic map

Answer 16

1913 - A.H. Sturtevant

Question 17

Demonstrated the semiconservative replication of DNA

Answer 17

1958 - Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl

Question 18

Discovered messenger RNA

Answer 18

1961 - Sydney Brenner, François Jacob, Matthew Meselson

Question 19

Fist used a plasmid to clone DNA

Answer 19

1973 - Herb Boyer, Stanley Cohen

Question 20

Determined the base sequences of the genomes of two bacteria

Answer 20

1995 - Craig Venter, Hamilton Smith

Question 21

Cloned a sheep (Dolly) from an adult sheep udder cell

Answer 21

1997 - Ian Wilmut and colleagues

Question 22

Used “next generation” sequencing to obtain the first sequence of an Asian human

Answer 22

2008 - Jian Wang and Colleagues