Week 9 Word Association Flashcards
obligate intracellular parasites
viruses
Viruses have a nucleic acid core with
either DNA or RNA
core surrounded by protein coat
capsid
subunits of the capsid
capsomeres
some viruses have ____ around the capsid
envelope
mature infectious viruses
virions
Variola
Smallpox
disease eradicated throughout world by vaccine
Smallpox
Red measles
Measles
Rubeola
Measles
Measles or Rubeola
Red Measles
Measles or Red Measles
Rubeola
Rubeola or Red Measles
Measles
Measles rash begins
At the head
Measles rash moves
downward from head
Koplik spots
small white spots
MMR
Measles, Mumps, Rubella
German Measles
Rubella
Three day measles
Rubella
Rubella or Three day measles
German Measles
pale pink rash and slight fever
Rubella
Causes miscarriage, stillbirth, or several serious birth defects
Rubella
Varicella Zoster
Chickenpox and Shingles
generalized, itchy, vesicular rash
chickenpox
lesions on/in: scalp, mouth, genitals, eyes, respiratory system
chickenpox
Herpes zoster
Shingles
most prominent on head, neck, upper torso
Shingles
localized numbness, tingling, severe pain
Shingles
Recurrent viral infection
Herpes I and II
the virus remains latent in the nerve sheaths of sensory nerves
Herpes I and II
Recurrences will continue for life
Herpes I and II
Triggered by: fever, menses, stress, too much sun
Herpes I and II
transmitted by oral and respiratory secretions
Herpes I
cold sores and fever blisters
Herpes I
STD
Herpes II
HPV
Human Papilloma Virus
genital warts
HPV
STD or childbirth
HPV
fever, chills, sore throat, headache, cough, muscle pain, vomitting
flu
coryza
common cold
nasal congestion, mild sore throat, runny nose, runny eyes, headache
common cold
Four corners
Hantavirus
long-tailed deer mouse
Hantavirus
lungs rapidly deteriorate & fill with fluid
Hantavirus
Respiratory failure and shock = death within 5-7 days
Hantavirus
Neurotropic
central nervous system disease
Hydrophobia; acute encephalomyelitis
rabies
Extreme confusion as it progresses
rabies
hypersalivation 1-1.5 liters per 24 hours
rabies
paralysis at site of bite
rabies
paralyzes parapharyngeal and respiratory muscles = death
rabies
begins as gastrointestinal disturbance
poliomyelitis
well-known paralytic polio
poliomyelitis
virus replicates in vector
viral encephalitis
spreads to salivary glands
viral encephalitis
fever, pain, neck stiffness, headache, loss of energy
viral encephalitis
progresses to: loss of muscle power in arms & legs, double vision, speech impairment, coma, fatality rates as high as 60%
viral encephalitis
defective virus that must have Hep B present to infect
Hep D
causes super infection and exacerbation of chronic Hep
Hep D
mimics Hep C
Hep G
salivary glands located at ear
parotid glands
can affect other salivary glands
epidemic parotitis / mumps
epidemic parotitis
mumps
orchitis
inflamed testes
inflamed testes in post-pubescent males
epidemic parotitis / mumps
Epstein-Barr virus
infectious mono
mainly found in ages 15-30
infectious mono
kissing disease
infectious mono
latent infection (like herpes) and can be reactivated
infectious mono
saliva, semen, urine, blood, cervical secretions
infectious mono
more serious in immunocompromised
infectious mono
T4 helper cells of immune system
AIDS
Kaposi’s sarcoma, candidiasis, Pneumocystis pneumonia, cryptococcal meningitis, encephalitis, cytomegalovirus infection
HIV
protein particle
prion
prion
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
no evidence of a virus
CJD
bovine spongiform encephalopathy
CJD
Mad Cow
CJD
grow in slender thread-like strands called hyphae
molds
a visible mass of hyphae growing together
mycelium
reproduce by conidia
asexual
zygote formation
sexual
any infection of the skin, hair, or nails with a fungus
dermatomycosis
epidermophyton; microsporum; trichophyton
all are molds
cough, painful breathing, malaise, and loss of appetite
Coccidioidomycosis / Coccidioides immitis
“San Joaquin Valley fever” or “desert rheumatism”
grows as yeast above 35 degrees C and as a mold below 35
Histoplasmosis
Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio river valleys
Histoplasmosis
Candida albicans
Candidiasis
yeast infection
candidiasis
thrush or vaginal yeast infections
candidiasis
causes a very deadly form of meningitis
cryptococcosis
condition resembles TB and is often misdiagnosed
Aspergillosis
grows as mold in soil and as yeast in tissue
Blastomycosis
Rapidly proves fatal if left untreated
Blastomycosis
Causes pneumocystis pneumonia
Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii)
affects only immunocompromised individuals
Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii)
determining factor for AIDS diagnosis
Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii)
eucaryotic, single-celled animals
protozoa
causes amoebiasis or amoebic dysentery
Entamoeba histolytica
transmitted via fecal-oral route
Entamoeba histolytica / amoebic dysentery
a cyst stage
Entamoeba histolytica / amoebic dysentery
a vegetative stage called trophozoite
Entamoeba histolytica / amoebic dysentery
abdominal pain, fever, bloody/muccoid stools
Entamoeba histolytica / amoebiasis or amoebic dysentery
spreads to liver
Entamoeba histolytica / amoebic dysentery
causes giardiasis
Giardia lamblia
person-to-person transmission of giardiasis
day care centers and nursing homes
campers and hikers risk
Giardiasis
diarrhea, foul/greasy stools, abdominal cramps, bloating, increased gas, weakness, weight loss
Giardiasis
causes malaria
Plasmodium malariae
reproduces asexually in humans
malaria
reproduces sexually in salivary glands of mosquitos
malaria
destroys erythrocytes to the point of anemia
malaria
causes toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasma gondii
eating meat with the tissue cysts
Toxoplasmosis
ingesting cysts excreted by infected cat
Toxoplasmosis
causes trichinosis
Trichinella spiralis
undercooked meat, usually pork, containing cysts with worms
Trichinella spiralis
occurs mainly in muscle cells
trichinella spiralis
found in soil contaminated with pigeon droppings
Cryptococcus neoformans / cryptococcosis
